新疆阿勒泰青河县山地鼠疫菌株生化及毒力测定

Biochemical and virulence determination of yersinia pestis in Qinghe county of Altay mountain,Xinjiang

目的了解新疆阿勒泰山地鼠疫菌株的生化表型及其对昆明小白鼠的致病能力。方法对5株阿勒泰青河县山地分离的鼠疫菌和2株北天山灰旱獭-长尾黄鼠鼠疫疫源地分离的鼠疫菌进行糖、醇酵解等生化试验,鉴定鼠疫菌株生化表型;选取4株阿勒泰青河县山地的鼠疫菌以及2株北天山灰旱獭-长尾黄鼠鼠疫疫源地的鼠疫菌进行昆明小白鼠毒力测定试验,确定鼠疫菌株毒力。结果5株阿勒泰青河县山地鼠疫菌株均酵解甘油、硝化和脱氮反应阳性,鼠疫菌生化测定表现为古典型,同时不具备酵解鼠李糖的能力;其中4株阿勒泰青河县山地鼠疫菌经小鼠毒力测定,小鼠半数致死量为7.9个菌体,最小致死量<10个菌体,属于鼠疫强毒株。结论新疆阿勒泰青河县山地鼠疫菌株生化测定表现为古典型,毒力测定表现为强毒株。

Objective To understand the biochemical phenotype of Yersinia pestis strains and the pathogenicity to Kunming mice from Altay mountain,Xinjiang.Methods There were 5 strains of yersinia pestis isolated from the mountain in Qinghe county of Altay prefecture,and 2 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from north Tianshan gray marmot-long-tailed ground squired plague foci.The Yersinia pestis strains were tested by sugar and alcohol hydrolysis for identifying the biochemical phenotypes.Four strains of Yersinia pestis from the mountain in Qinghe county,and 2 strains of Yersinia pestis from north Tianshan gray marmot-long-tailed ground squired plague foci were selected for virulence test in Kunming mice to determine the virulence of the plague strains.Results The glycerol fermentation,nitration and denitrification were positive in the 5 strains of Yersinia pestis from Qinghe county.The biochemical determination showed classical type,without the capacity of catabolize rhamnose.Half lethal dose was 7.9 bacteria in 4 strains of plague from the mountain in Qinghe county.The minimum lethal dose of mice was less than 10 bacteria,and the strains were highly virulent strains of plague.Conclusions The biochemical determination of the Yersinia pestis strains from the mountain in Qinghe county of Altay shows classical type,and the strains are the strains with high virulence.