纳米材料在石窟寺保护中的研究与应用

Research and Application of Nanomaterials in Cave Temple Conservation

纳米氧化物、纳米氢氧化物、纳米金属等多种纳米材料已被研究并应用于多种不同材质的文物保护实践中,这些材料具备特殊的渗透加固、自清洁、抗菌防霉、抗光老化等性质。尽管在目前的石窟寺保护中应用还相对较少,但它们蕴含着巨大的潜力和优势。本文综述了这些材料在石窟寺保护涉及的壁画、石质文物、古建筑等类型文物保护中的主要应用机理、研究现状以及存在的问题与不足,期望能为石窟寺保护研究工作提供有益参考和借鉴。

This study focuses on nano oxides,nano hydroxides,and other nanomaterials for use in the conservation of cultural relics.Although these materials are not commonly used in cave temple conservation currently,it is believed that they possess unparalleled potential due to their exceptional properties in various areas such as penetration reinforcement,self-cleaning,antibacterial and antifungal resistances,and anti-photoaging.This papersummarizes the basic properties and applications,as well as the potential shortcomings,of nanomaterials in the conservation of the cultural relics found in cave temples such as murals,stone relics,earthen sites,and ancient architectural structures.This research will hopefully contribute to improving the methods of used in conserving the material culture of ancient cave temples.