精神分裂症患者性激素水平与临床症状及认知功能的关系

Relationship between sex hormone levels and clinical symptoms and cognitive function in schizophrenia patients

目的探讨精神分裂症患者性激素水平与临床症状及认知功能的关系。方法本研究对象为2020年3月~2022年8月90例精神分裂症患者,设为观察组,纳入90例年龄,性别配对的正常人群,设为对照组,比较两组患者性激素水平。采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评估精神分裂症临床症状,采用蒙特利尔认知量表(MoCA)评估认知功能。分析精神分裂症患者性激素水平与PANSS评分,MoCA评分的相关性。结果观察组男性泌乳素(PRL)水平显著高于对照组男性,雌二醇(E2),睾酮(TESTO),促黄体生成素(LH)显著低于对照组男性(P<0.05),孕酮(PROG),促卵泡生成素(FSH)差异不显著(P>0.05);观察组女性PRL,PROG水平显著高于对照组女性,TESTO,E2显著低于对照组女性(P<0.05),FSH,LH差异不显著(P>0.05);观察组MoCA评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);男性,女性患者PRL水平与PANSS评分呈正相关,与MoCA评分呈负相关,E2,ESTO与PANSS评分呈负相关,与MoCA评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者PRL,TESTO,E2等性激素水平与正常人群存在显著差异,并且可能与精神症状以及认知损害有关。

Objective To explore the relationship between sex hormone levels,clinical symptoms,and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.Methods Ninety patients with schizophrenia from March 2020 to August 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and they were divided into the observation group.Ninety age and gender matched normal individuals were included and were set as the control group.The levels of sex hormones between two groups of patients were compared.The clinical symptoms of schizophrenia were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale(PANSS).The cognitive function were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Inventory(MoCA).The correlation between sex hormone levels and PANSS score and MoCA score in patients with schizophrenia were analyzed.Results The levels of prolactin(PRL)in the observation group males were significantly higher than those in the control group males,while estradiol(E2),testosterone(Testo),and luteinizing hormone(LH)were significantly lower than those in the control group males(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in progesterone(PROG)and follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)levels(P>0.05).The levels of PRL and PROG in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,while the levels of TestO and E2 were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in FSH and LH(P>0.05).The MoCA score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The PRL level in male and female patients is positively correlated with PANSS score,negatively correlated with MoCA score,and negatively correlated with E2,ESTO,PANSS score,and positively correlated with MoCA score(P<0.05).Conclusion There are significant differences in the levels of sex hormones such as PRL,TestO,and E2 between patients with schizophrenia and the normal population,which may be related to mental symptoms and cognitive impairment.