青少年首发抑郁症非自杀性自伤行为的危险因素

Risk factors for Non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents with first-episode depressive disorder

目的探索青少年首发抑郁症发生非自杀性自伤行为(Non-suicidal Self-injury,NSSI)的危险因素。方法使用病例对照研究分析2022年1~8月在我院住院的136例12~18岁青少年首发抑郁症患者,根据既往存在NSSI与否分为无NSSI组和NSSI组,探索两组在人口学资料,汉密尔顿抑郁量表,青少年非自杀性自伤行为问卷,心理弹性量表,儿童期虐待的差异性。使用非条件logistic回归分析探索NSSI的危险因素。结果比较发现年龄(χ2=7.043,P<0.05),独生子女与否(χ2=5.488,P<0.05),抑郁严重程度(χ2=34.594,P<0.001),心理弹性水平(χ2=37.709,P<0.001),经历儿童期虐待与否(χ2=12.687,P<0.001)差异有统计学意义。非条件logistic回归提示,年龄<15岁(OR=3.715,P<0.05),独生子女(OR=0.156,P<0.05),重度抑郁(OR=4.076,P<0.05),经历儿童期虐待(OR=2.539,P<0.05),心理弹性水平低(OR=2.635,P<0.05)是青少年抑郁症患者发生NSSI的危险因素。结论青少年抑郁症患者中年龄<15岁,独生子女,重度抑郁,经历儿童期虐待,心理弹性水平低者发生NSSI的危险性大,提示应当重点对这些高危人群进行相关干预。

Objective To explore the risk factors of non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)in adolescents with firstepisode depressive disorder in our hospital.Methods A case-control study was conducted to analyze 136 adolescent patients with depressive disorder aged 12-18 years who were hospitalized in my hospital from January to August 2022.According to the presence or absence of NSSI,the patients were divided into two groups:no NSSI group and NSSI group.The differences of Demographic questionnaire,Hamilton Depression Scale,Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury Questionnaire,the Connor-David son Resilience Scale and Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury Questionnaire and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were explored between the two groups.Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influence of NSSI of adolescents with depression disorder.Results The differences between the two groups showed that age(χ2=7.043,P<0.05),only child(χ2=5.488,P<0.05),severity of depression(χ2=34.594,P<0.001)and resilience(χ2=37.709,P<0.001)were significantly higher in NSSI group than in NSSI group and whether they experienced childhood abuse(χ2=12.687,P<0.001).Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that age<15years old(OR=3.715,P<0.05),only child(OR=0.156,P<0.05),severe depression(OR=4.076,P<0.05),low resilience(OR=2.635,P<0.05)and childhood abuse(OR=2.539,P<0.05)were the risk factors for NSSI in adolescents with depressive disorder.Conclusions The risk of NSSI is higher in adolescents with depressive disorder who are younger than 15 years old,the only child,severe depression,low resilience level and experienced childhood abuse.It is suggested that relevant intervention should be focused on these high-risk groups.