竹纸及连四纸历史信息研究

Research on Historical Information on Bamboo Paper and Liansi Paper

竹纸最晚在唐朝中后期已经出现,至明清时期到达鼎盛。连四纸和连史纸是竹纸中的代表性纸品,连史纸滥觞于纯竹丝制浆抄造的连四纸。连四纸的纸名最初来自抄造方法,而后发展为一类纸的类名,下有多个具体纸品,以用途、形制、原料、产地等前缀在类名前,用以区别具体纸品。讨论连四纸的原料变更,最初为竹料、楮树皮料混料造纸,其后发展为纯楮树皮料造纸,但民间为了降低造纸成本,采用竹料、楮树皮料继续混料造纸。在这之后,竹纸造纸技艺基本全盘吸纳皮纸造纸技艺,改良蒸料工艺,并改进自然漂白工序,连四纸步入纯竹丝造高端纸的阶段。

Bamboo paper appeared as late as the middle to late Tang Dynasty and reached its peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Liansi paper and Lianshi paper are representative paper products of bamboo paper.Lianshi paper originated from Liansi paper made of pure bamboo fiber.The term“Liansi”is originally derived from the method of interweaving bamboo fibers into wet paper,and later developed into a class name for a category of paper,under which there are several specific paper products.Use,shape,raw materials,origin and other prefixes in front of the class name,to distinguish between specific paper products.Discuss the change of raw materials for Liansi paper,initially bamboo,mulberry bark material mixed material papermaking,and then developed into a pure mulberry bark material papermaking,but folk in order to reduce the cost of papermaking,bamboo material and mulberry bark material continued to be used to mix materials to make paper.After this,bamboo paper papermaking techniques basically absorbed mulberry paper papermaking techniques,improving the steaming process,and improving the natural bleaching process,even the Liansi paper into the stage of pure bamboo filament to make high-end paper.