四川甘孜州农村居民健康素养状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of Health Literacy Status and Influencing Factors of Rural Residents in Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan Province

目的通过分析四川甘孜州农村居民健康素养水平及其影响因素,为甘孜州农村居民健康素养提升策略的制定提供依据和参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样进行入户调查,并对数据进行χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果甘孜州农村居民的健康素养水平为6.77%。不同年龄、民族、文化程度、职业、家庭年收入居民的健康素养水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三个方面健康素养水平最高的为基本知识和理念(11.95%),六类健康问题素养水平最高的为安全与急救(21.91%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度、职业、家庭年收入为居民健康素养水平的影响因素。结论甘孜州农村居民的健康素养水平较低,文化程度、职业、家庭年收入为该州农村居民健康素养水平的影响因素。建议进一步加强农村健康教育与健康促进工作,丰富传播手段,定期向农村居民推送健康知识;针对低学历、低收入等重点人群,以健康基本技能及慢性病防治为重点工作,多渠道地传播健康知识。

Objective To analyze the health literacy level of rural residents in Ganzi prefecture and its influencing factors,and to provide the basis and reference for the formulation of health literacy promotion strategies for rural residents in Sichuan province.MethodsMulti-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to conduct household survey,and the data were analyzed by x test and multivariate logistic regression.Results The health literacy level of rural residents in Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan Province was 6.77%.There were statistically signifinant differenies in the health literacy levels of the residents with different ages,nationalities,educational levels,occupations and annual household income.The highest levelofhealth literacy in the three aspects was basic knowledge and ideas(11.95%),and the highest literacy level of six kinds of health problems was safety and first aid(21.91%).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that education level,occupation and annual family income were the influencing factors of rural residents'health literacy level.Conclusion The health literacy level of rural residents in Ganzi Prefecture is low,and education level,occupation and annual family income were the influencing factors of rural residents'health literacy level.It is suggested to further strengthen rural health education and health promotion,enrich the means of communication,regularly promote health knowledge to rural residents,and focus on basic health skills and prevention and treatment of chronic diseases for key groups such as low education and low income,and disseminate health knowledge through multiple channels.