偏热环境下佩戴口罩对室内人员工效的影响研究

A Study on the Effect of Wearing Masks on the Ergonomics of Indoor Personnel in a Hot Environment

目的研究在26℃~34℃的偏热环境下佩戴口罩对人员工作效率的影响。方法在6月~7月份于杭州某高校实验室进行了试验,设置的环境温度工况为26℃、28℃、30℃、32℃、34℃;口罩工况为未佩戴口罩、一次性医用口罩、KN95(无呼吸阀)口罩、KN95(带呼吸阀)口罩,采取主观问卷调查与工作效率测试相结合的研究方法。结果偏热环境中人员的工作效率下降了8.35%~14.26%,而同温度下佩戴口罩人员的工作效率下降了4.32%~7.43%,并且相较于26℃未佩戴口罩的情况,在34℃的环境温度下受试者佩戴口罩时的工作效率下降了14.32%~17.11%。结论在偏热环境下随着环境温度的上升以及佩戴口罩的不同,受试者热感觉和湿感觉增大,感知空气品质下降,热舒适性降低,工作热情变得消极,导致了受试者的工作效率的降低。

Objective Studying the impact of wearing masks on work efficiency in high thermal environment ranging from 26℃ to 34℃ is crucial for improving personnel efficiency.Methods Experiments were conducted in a laboratory at a university in Hangzhou from June to July,with environmental temperature conditions set at 26℃,28℃,30℃,32℃,and 34℃.The mask conditions included no mask,disposable medical mask,KN95 mask(without valve),and KN95 mask(with valve).A combination of subjective questionnaires and work efficiency tests was used for the study.Results In high thermal environment,work efficiency decreased by 8.35% to 14.26%.Wearing masks in the same temperature conditions further reduced work efficiency by 4.32% to 7.43%.Compared to not wearing a mask at 26℃,work efficiency decreased by 14.32%to 17.11% when masks were worn at 34℃.Conclusion In high thermal environment,as the temperature increased and different masks were worn,subjects experienced heightened thermal and humidity sensations,perceived lower air quality,reduced thermal comfort,and decreased work enthusiasm,leading to lower work efficiency.