天山北坡前山带蒙古沙棘不同集水造林技术的效果评价

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Different Water Harvesting Afforestation Techniques for Hippophae rhamnoides subsp.mongolica in the Foreland Zone of the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain

【目的】探讨天山北坡前山带蒙古沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides subsp.mongolica)不同集水造林技术对土壤含水率、造林成活率和保存率及株高的影响,结合造林成本进行效果评价,筛选出最佳的蒙古沙棘造林技术,为该地区的人工造林提供技术参考。【方法】以蒙古沙棘优良品种‘新棘1号’(H.rhamnoides‘xinji1’)为研究对象,通过双因素试验设计,设4个水平沟深度:H0(0 cm)、H1(20 cm)、H2(40 cm)、H3(60 cm)和4个保水措施:W0(裸地)、W1(膨润土)、W2(防草布)、W3(膨润土+防草布)。【结果】水平沟深度、保水措施及二者的交互作用均对土壤含水率、造林成活率和保存率及株高有显著影响;在同一保水措施下,随着水平沟深度增加,各指标越优,但造林成本随之增加;在同一水平沟深度下,整体以W3处理最佳,但造林成本也最高;结合造林成本,通过隶属函数评价法综合评价各集水造林技术的效果,H2W3处理得分最高,H0W0得分最低。【结论】本研究筛选出最佳的蒙古沙棘的造林技术为H2W3(40 cm深度+膨润土+覆防草布)处理。

【Objective】It is to explore the effects of different water harvesting afforestation techniques on soil water content,afforestation survival and retention rate,and plant height of Hippophae rhamnoides subsp.mongolica in the frontal zone of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain,to evaluate the effect of the afforestation cost,and to screen out the optimal Hippophae rhamnoides subsp.mongolica afforestation technique,so as to provide technical references for artificial afforestation of this area.【Method】The elite cultivar of Hippophae rhamnoides‘xinji1’was used as the research object.A two-factor experimental design was employed,involving four levels of trench depth:H0(0 cm),H1(20 cm),H2(40 cm),H3(60 cm),and four soil moisture conservation measures:W0(bare land),W1(bentonite),W2(weed control fabric),and W3(bentonite+weed control fabric).【Result】Horizontal furrow depth,water retention measures and the interaction of the two had significant effects on soil water content,afforestation survival and retention rate and plant height;under the same water retention measures,as the depth of the horizontal furrow increased,the indexes were better,but the cost of silviculture increased;under the same depth of the horizontal furrow,the overall W3 treatment was the best,but the cost of silviculture was also the highest;through the method of the value of the subordinate function to synthesize the evaluation with the combination of the afforestation cost,the effect of each water harvesting and afforestation technique was comprehensively evaluated by the affiliation function value method,with H2W3 treatment scoring the highest and H0W0 scoring the lowest.【Conclusion】In this study,the best silvicultural technique for Hippophae rhamnoides subsp.mongolica was screened as H2W3(40 cm depth+bentonite+mulching with weed control fabric)treatment.