我国国有控股矿山开发利用格局及特点

Development and utilization pattern and characteristics of state-owned holding mines in China

能源资源安全是国家安全和民生发展的基石,矿产资源高质量开发利用是能源资源安全非常重要的一个环节。近年来,在矿产品市场价格高企和国家重视能源安全等利好政策的刺激下,我国矿业形势企稳转好,同时伴随着我国不断加强矿业秩序治理整顿,有效落实矿产资源开发利用的监督管理,加之受生态红线、矿业权退出机制等多种因素的影响,我国矿产资源开发利用格局也发生了一些变化。为更好地服务支撑新形势下的矿产资源管理工作,及时掌握和分析作为能源资源安全重要保障的国有控股矿山的开发利用格局非常必要。基于统计数据,对我国国有控股矿山的开发利用格局进行了时间序列和多维度的对比分析,揭示了国有控股矿山的分布格局和投入格局,并对未来发展趋势进行了分析和总结。通过研究得出结论:我国国有控股矿山发展整体较为平稳,国有控股矿山主要分布在中西部地区,矿山的规模性和集约化程度持续提高;在重要的能源矿产和具有战略性意义的“三稀”矿产开发利用中占有较大比重,尤其在稀土金属矿产中占有绝对优势。经多次矿业开发秩序整顿,以及金融危机的影响,我国国有控股矿山投入和占比均呈下降趋势,主要经济指标绝对值显著提升。本文研究为更好地保障我国能源资源安全提供参考。

Energy and resource security is the cornerstone of national security and people’s livelihood development,and high-quality development and utilization of mineral resources is a very important aspect of energy and resources security.In recent years,stimulated by high prices in the mineral product market and favorable policies such as national emphasis on energy security,the mining situation in China has stabilized and improved.At the same time,with the continuous strengthening of mining order governance and rectification,effective implementation of supervision and management of mineral resource development and utilization,and the influence of various factors such as ecological red lines and mining rights withdrawal mechanisms,the pattern of mineral resource development and utilization in China has also undergone some changes.It is necessary to timely grasp and analyze the development and utilization pattern of state-owned holding mines,which are important guarantees for energy and resource security,in order to better serve and support the management of mineral resources under the new situation.Based on detailed statistical data,a time series and multidimensional comparative analysis is conducted on the development and utilization pattern of state-owned holding mines in China,revealing the distribution and investment patterns of state-owned holding mines,and analyzing and summarizing future development trends.The following conclusion can be drawn:the overall development of state-owned holding mines in China is relatively stable,with state-owned holding mines mainly distributed in the central and western regions,and the scale and intensification of mines are continuously improving.It occupies a significant proportion in the development and utilization of important energy minerals and strategically important“three rare”minerals,especially in rare earth metal minerals where it has an absolute advantage.After multiple rectifications of mining development order and the impact of financial crises,the investment and proportion of state-owned holding mines in China have shown a downward trend,and the absolute values of major economic indicators have significantly increased.This study provides reference for better safeguarding China’s energy and resource security.