采空区对地表影响的多维角度分析研究

Multidimensional analysis and research on the impact of goaf on the surface

为了研究确定大浞河铁矿不明采空区对地表的安全影响,消除或控制采空区的危害影响,本文根据矿山前期开采资料、物探结果和钻探结果,基本确定不明采空区的分布形态、规模及赋存关系等相关情况。采用理论计算和数值模拟的方法判断采空区对地表存在一定的安全影响,可能会冒落至地表,且地表已发生过塌陷,需要充填处理采空区。在采空区治理施工过程中发现,充填注浆方量比探测采空区体积小了许多,判断主要原因包括物探干扰、采空区垮塌、破碎带影响等。因此,为了进一步确定采空区对地表的影响程度,采用概率积分法对矿区范围内地表移动、变形进行了计算和分析,最终确定大浞河铁矿采空区地表处于基本稳定~稳定状态,不会对地表建(构)筑物及设施、设备造成不利影响,为矿山安全生产提供技术支撑和科学依据。

In order to study and determine the safety impact of the unknown goaf on the surface of Dazhuohe Iron Mine,and to eliminate or control the harmful impact of the goaf.Based on the early mining data,geophysical prospecting and drilling,this paper basically determines the distribution,scale and occurrence relationship of unknown goafs.Theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methods are used to judge that the goaf has a certain safety impact on the surface,which may fall to the surface,and the surface has collapsed,so the goaf needs to be filled.During the construction of goaf treatment,it is found that the volume of filling grouting is much smaller than that of the explored goaf,and the main reasons are judged to include geophysical prospecting interference,goaf collapse,and the impact of fracture zone.Therefore,in order to further determine the impact of the goaf on the surface,the probability integral method is used to calculate and analyze the surface movement and deformation within the mining area.Finally,it is determined that the surface of the goaf in Dazhuohe Iron Mine is basically stable to stable state,and will not adversely affect the surface structures,facilities and equipment,then provide technical support and scientific basis for mine safety production.