文学网站类型划分意识考察——兼论基于词频统计的女频类型困境

An Investigation into the Classification Consciousness of Literary Website Types:Also on the Dilemma of Female Frequency Type Based on Word Frequency Statistics

文学网站中网络文学的频道和分类,是类型文学在受众面前直观呈现的重要形式。首先,概括类型条目的构成,剖析文学网站分类中蕴含的层级意识和家族关系,并针对当下网站类型划分中存在的“标签爆炸”现象,提出“基础类型+亚类型+标签”的三层式分类逻辑系统;其次,深入文学网站的视觉呈现方式和商业运作系统,揭示网站分类的对象不仅是类型文,作为阅读主体的读者同样被视为潜在商品而被分流分类;最后,聚焦文学网站的男女频道创作分类,以词频统计方式总结十家大型文学网站男女频道的基础类型条目,得出男频各类型条目基本分布均匀,女频类型几乎全部集中于言情的结论,而这显然与当前女频实际创作的“无CP”“类型+”等潮流有所不符。这一切都表明,类型及其条目的固化难以包容溢出边界的文学创作。文学网站须借助前沿数字技术进一步升级大数据收集整理系统,建立更为灵活、更富有弹性的分类机制,以顺应文学的自然发展规律。

The channels and classifications of online literature in literary websites are the important form of visualized presentation of genre literature in front of the audience.First,this paper summarizes the composition of the genre entry,analyzes the hierarchical consciousness and family relationship implied in the classification of literary websites,and puts forward the three-layer classification logic system of“basic type+subtype+label”in view of the phenomenon of“label explosion”in the division of website types.Then,this paper goes deeper into the visual presentation and commercial operation system of literary websites,revealing that the object of website classification is not only the genre text,but also the readers as the main body of reading as the potential commodities to be classified by triage.Finally,the paper focuses on the male and female creative classification of literary websites,summarizing the basic types of male and female channels of the ten large-scale literary websites in terms of the word frequency statistics,and concluding that the basic distribution of male frequency types is even and that the female types are almost entirely concentrated in the romance genre,which is obviously inconsistent with the current trend of“no CP”and“genre+”in female frequency creation.All of this points to the fact that the solidification of genres and their entries makes it difficult to accommodate literary creation that overflows the boundaries.Literary websites need to use cutting-edge digital technology to further upgrade their big data collection and organize systems,and establish a more flexible and resilient classification mechanism,so as to adapt to the natural laws of literary development.