液体阻尼对薄壁零件加工颤振的影响分析

Analysis of viscous damping on the machining chatter of thin-walled parts

为了减轻零件的重量,航空类零件多设计为薄壁零件,薄壁零件加工过程中易发生加工颤振现象,影响加工质量和加工效率。文章提出了通过液体阻尼介质提高系统阻尼比来抑制薄壁零件加工振动的方法。建立了考虑液体介质等效阻尼的频率响应函数模型,开展了施加液体介质的薄壁零件模态试验,获取了系统的模态参数。在获取模态参数的基础上,建立了加工系统稳定性预测模型,预测并分析了加工系统的稳定性。结果表明,液体介质等效阻尼能够降低系统的加速度响应,提高加工系统的稳定性,对铣削加工颤振具有抑制效果。

In order to reduce the weight of parts,aeronautical parts are often designed as thin-walled parts.During the machining process of thin-walled parts,machining chatter vibration is prone to occur,which affects the machining quality and efficiency.This paper proposes a method to suppress the machining vibration of thin-walled parts by increasing the system damping ratio through the use of liquid damping medium.A frequency response function model considering the equivalent damping of the liquid medium was established,and modal tests of thin-walled parts with the application of liquid medium were conducted to obtain the modal parameters of the system.Based on the acquired modal parameters,a predictive model for machining system stability was established to predict and analyze the stability of the machining system.The results show that the equivalent damping of the liquid medium can reduce the acceleration response of the system,improve the stability of the machining system,and effectively suppress chatter vibration in milling operations.