不同负荷跑步对男大学生情绪状态与血液5-羟色胺、多巴胺含量的影响及相关性研究

Influences and Study on Relationship between Emotional State of Male College Students and 5-Hydroxytryptamine、Dopamine in Running with Different Loads

目的:通过观察不同负荷跑步受试者运动期间心境、情绪状态与血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)含量的变化,分析心理指标与神经递质指标在不同运动强度的变化规律,探讨两类指标间的相关性,为科学诊断受试者身体机能和心理状态提供依据。方法:招募15名男性志愿者为实验对象,以60%VO_(2max)、70%VO_(2max)、80%VO_(2max)、90%VO_(2max)四个不同负荷跑步运动,5 d/w,1 h/d,持续4 w,实验前及每周运动后填写心境量表(BFS)和主观锻炼体验量表,测试心境及情绪状态;实验前及运动后每周六早上空腹静脉采血,测试血清5-HT及DA含量。结果:1)积极心境的2个因子(愉悦性和思量性)在70%VO_(2max)运动后的状态是最好的;消极心境的4个因子(愤怒性、激动性、抑郁性、无活力性)在90%VO_(2max)运动后的状态不佳。2)运动疲劳感、积极幸福感和心理烦恼,分别在80%VO_(2max)、70%VO_(2max)和90%VO_(2max)运动后表现最明显。3)血清5-HT含量在不同负荷运动中均有不同程度的上升,70%VO_(2max)运动后非常显著提高,90%VO_(2max)运动后显著提高。4)运动疲劳感与5-HT含量存在负相关,积极幸福感与5-HT含量存在正相关;运动疲劳感、心理烦恼与DA含量存在负相关。结论:1)70%VO_(2max)跑步运动后产生积极情绪和高积极幸福感;90%VO_(2max)运动后产生消极情绪和心理烦恼,提示中等负荷跑步运动能提高个体的愉悦性和思量性,高负荷跑步运动容易产生消极心境和不良的情绪反应。2)个体情绪状态指标与血清5-HT、DA含量存在相关性,以血液神经递质为研究指标,分析与个体主观情绪变化规律具有可能性,可为个体科学运动、有效调节情绪状态提供实验依据。

Objective:By observing the changes through motor mood,emotional state and5-Hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),dopamine(DA)of subjects in running with different loads,analysis the variation of different intensity exercise between the psychological indicators and neurotransmitter indexes,to explore the correlation between the two indexes,to provide the basis of psychological states and body functions by scientific diagnosis of the subjects.Methods:Taking fifteen healthy boys from Guangzhou Sport University as experimental subjects.They ran with four different loads:60%VO_(2max),70%VO_(2max),80%VO_(2max),and 90%VO_(2max),5 d/w,1 h/d,and stayed 4 w.The BFS and subjective Exercise Experience tables were filled before experiments and after the weekly exercises,to test the mood and emotional state;blood was collected by fasting vein every Saturday morning before the experiments and after exercise,to measure the contents of serum 5-HT and DA.Results:1)The two dimensions of positive mood(pleasantness and thoughtfulness)are the best after 70%VO_(2max)exercise;The four dimensions of negative mood(anger,agitation,depression,and inactivity)were not in good condition after 90%VO_(2max)exercise.2)Exercise fatigue,positive happiness and psychological distress were the most obvious after 80%VO_(2max),70%VO_(2max)and 90%VO_(2max)exercise.3)The contents of serum 5-HT increased to different degrees in different load exercises,and was significantly increased after 70%VO_(2max)exercise and 90%VO_(2max)exercise.4)There was a negative correlations between exercise fatigue and 5-HT contents,and a positive correlations between positive happiness and 5-HT contents;Exercise fatigue and psychological distress were negatively correlated with DA contents.Conclusion:1)70%VO_(2max)had positive emotions and high positive happiness after running.90%VO_(2max)exercise produced negative emotions and psychological troubles,suggesting that moderate load running can improve individual pleasure and thinking,high load running is easy to produce negative mood and adverse emotional reactions.2)There is a correlation between individual emotional state indicators and serum 5-HT and DA contents.Taking blood neurotransmitters as research indicators,it is possible to analyze the changes of individual subjective emotions,which can provide experimental basis for individual scientific exercise and effective regulation of emotional states.