超大跨桥梁用长寿命缆索材料和技术的需求、发展与创新

Requirements,development,and innovation of long-life cable materials and technologies for ultra-large-span bridges

自20世纪90年代以来,中国在跨江跨海大桥、跨峡谷桥梁建设方面持续取得重大突破,桥梁跨径不断提升,斜拉桥跨径突破1200 m,悬索桥跨径突破2300 m,目前正从“桥梁大国”向“桥梁强国”转型发展,其中缆索材料技术进步发挥了重要作用。本文分析了桥梁技术发展尤其是跨径提升和长寿命对桥梁缆索材料的要求,明确了缆索材料与技术的发展需求。综述了国内外桥梁缆索用盘条、钢丝及锚固体系,缆索系统的损伤失效机理、性能评估与保障、标准体系、制造与架设技术等最近进展。从高性能钢丝和锚固体系研发、严酷环境下缆索损伤与失效机理、性能评估与长效保障技术、缆索系统制造和架设技术等方面对桥梁缆索材料和技术提出了创新方向和技术路线,进行创新性研究,为超大跨索承桥梁用缆索的研发和应用提供参考。

Since the 1990s,China has made significant breakthroughs in the construction of crossriver,cross-sea and cross-canyon bridges with bridge spans increasing continuously.The spans of cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges have exceeded 1200 m and 2300 m,respectively.China is currently transitioning from a"bridge country"to a"bridge powerhouse",where cable materials and technological advancements play a crucial role.This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the development of bridge technology,particularly the requirements for cable materials in terms of increasing span and long service life,and clarifies the development demands for cable materials and technologies.It systematically reviews the recent progress in domestic and international cable materials,including wire rods,steel wires,and anchorage systems used in bridge cables,as well as the damage and failure mechanisms,performance evaluation and assurance,standard systems,manufacturing and installation technologies of cable systems.Innovative directions and technological routes are proposed for bridge cable materials and technologies,including the development of high-performance steel wires and anchorage systems,research on damage and failure mechanisms of cable systems in harsh environments,performance evaluation and long-term assurance techniques,manufacturing and installation technologies of cable systems.This study aims to provide references for the research and application of cable materials in ultra-large-span cable-supported bridges.