新型电力系统下虚拟电厂参与电-碳联合市场的竞标策略与价格传导机制

Bidding Strategy and Price Transmission Mechanism of Virtual Power Plants Participating in the Electricity Carbon Joint Market Under the New Power System

针对目前电力市场与碳市场未能协同增效的问题,该文梳理了电-碳市场的交互机理和价格传导效应。虚拟电厂运营商制定对外参与电-碳联合市场竞标、对内协调优化决策的双侧互动策略,构建包含风电、光伏发电、燃气轮机、储能、电动汽车及柔性负荷的多主体虚拟电厂模型参与电-碳联合市场,按照竞标策略根据电-碳价、竞标电量-碳排放量及储能、电动汽车的运行补偿机制进行动态博弈。算例表明电-碳联合市场下虚拟电厂内部分布式资源的积极性优于各主体独立参与市场,不同区域电网碳排放因子对虚拟电厂影响水平存在差异,碳-电价传导率的提升有利于当前电力市场效能和碳减排效果,为碳价机制设计提供理论引导。

In view of the failure of synergy between the current electricity market and the carbon market,this paper reviews the interaction mechanism and price transmission effect of the electric-carbon market.The virtual power plant operator(VPPO)formulates a bilateral interaction strategy for external participation in the electricity-carbon joint market bidding and internal coordination and optimization decision-making.A multi-agent virtual power plant model including wind power,photovoltaic power generation,gas turbines,energy storage,electric vehicles,and flexible loads is constructed.The bidding strategy is dynamically played based on the electricity carbon price,bidding electricity carbon emissions,and the operation compensation mechanism of energy storage and electric vehicles.The calculation example shows that the enthusiasm of distributed resources within virtual power plants in the electricity carbon joint market is better than that of independent participation of various entities in the market.There are differences in the impact level of carbon emission factors on virtual power plants in different regional power grids.The improvement of carbon electricity price conductivity is beneficial to the current electricity market efficiency and carbon reduction effect,providing theoretical guidance for the design of carbon pricing mechanisms.