高速冲击下压裂液颗粒对压裂泵胶圈的冲蚀磨损

Erosion and wear of the valve rubber ring in fracturing pump byfracturing particles under high-speed flow condition

【目的】研究压裂泵的泵阀胶皮冲蚀磨损的影响因素。【方法】采用有限元软件COMSOL建立3 500 HP压裂泵液力端阀体流域模型,分析颗粒浓度、颗粒直径以及阀体锥角等因素对胶圈冲蚀磨损的影响。利用有限元软件ABAQUS建立胶皮的单颗粒和多颗粒冲蚀力学模型,分析颗粒形状、冲蚀速度、冲击角度和冲击次数等因素对冲蚀磨损性能的影响。【结果】(1)为改善胶圈磨损状态,阀体锥角最好不要小于70°;颗粒浓度越小,胶圈的磨损程度越低;固体颗粒直径增大2倍时,两相速度增加25%左右,对泵阀的磨损影响不大。(2)随着冲蚀速度的增加,冲蚀磨损程度也增大;胶皮在低攻角下更易吸收尖锐颗粒的能量,而在90°冲击下更易吸收圆钝颗粒的能量;多次冲击作用下,圆钝颗粒会导致胶皮疲劳失效,而尖锐颗粒则导致材料表面拉伸失效。【结论】对于3 500 HP压裂泵,可通过降低固相浓度,增大阀锥角以及减少固体颗粒的尖锐程度等方法减少胶圈的冲蚀磨损。

【Objective】The rubber ring is a crucial component in fracturing pumps,yet it is highly prone to erosion.This study investigates the effects of fracturing particles on erosion and wear of the rubber ring.【Method】The study was based on the 3500 HP fracturing pump.The fluid domain model for its valve body at the hydraulic end was developed using the finite element software COMSOL.The impact of the factors,including particle concentration,particle diameter,and angle of the valve body cone,on the erosion and wear of the rubber seal was analyzed.Mechanical models for a single particle and multi particle erosion of the rubber ring were established using the finite element software ABAQUS,which was used to analyzed the effects of particle shape,erosion speed,impact angle,and impact frequency on erosion and wear of the ring.【Result】①To improve the resistance of the rubber ring against wear and erosion,the angle of the valve body cone should be more than 70°.We found that the lower the particle concentration was,the less susceptible the rubber ring was to wear.When the diameter of solid particles was doubled,the two-phase velocity was increased by about 25%,but this had little effect on the wear of the pump valve.②Increasing the speed of erosion increased the erosion wear.The rubber ring was more likely to absorb the energy of sharp particles at low angle of attack,while it is more likely to absorb the energy of blunt particles at 90°impact.Under the impact of the multiple particles,blunt particles can cause fatigue failure of the rubber ring,while sharp particles can cause tensile failure of the material surface.【Conclusion】For the 3500 HP fracturing pump we studied,the erosion and wear of the rubber ring can be ameliorated by reducing solid particle concentration,increasing the valve cone angle and roundness of the solid particles.