云南省农作物秸秆综合利用对碳减排的贡献及影响研究

Estimated Contribution of Comprehensive Utilization of Crop Residues to Carbon Emission Reduction in Yunnan Province

为提升云南省农作物秸秆综合利用水平及其对减排固碳的贡献,针对云南省农业碳排放量过高等问题,本研究基于相关数据,利用碳排放系数及温室气体排放因子等相关指标,以此测算并分析云南省2020年农业碳排放量、碳排放强度以及秸秆“五化”利用减排固碳贡献。结果表明,2020年云南省各州市由于交通、经济、气候及地形条件存在差距,秸秆综合利用率在90%以上的有7个州市,80%以下的州市有9个;云南省农业碳排放量为286.37×10^(4)t,农业碳排放强度为0.41t/hm^(2),其中化肥导致的农业碳排放量最多,高达176.12×10^(4)t(占比61.5%);云南省农作物秸秆的“五化”利用为温室气体净减排做出重要贡献,其总量达到2.08×10^(5)tCO_(2)e(CO_(2)当量,下同)。其中,秸秆综合利用所带来的温室气体减排量为2.17×10^(5)tCO_(2)e,秸秆露天焚烧所导致的温室气体排放量为8.8×10^(5)tCO_(2)e;肥料化和燃料化利用方式的减排量最高,减排量分别为1.1×10^(5)tCO_(2)e和5.1×10^(4)tCO_(2)e。由此提出提升肥料及燃料化利用水平,并加大对减排贡献较大的利用技术支持力度等建议,为中国实现“双碳”目标出谋划策。

In order to enhance the level of comprehensive utilization of crop straw in Yunnan Province and its contribution to emission reduction and carbon sequestration,and to address the problem of excessive agricultural carbon emissions in Yunnan Province,this study is based on the relevant data,using carbon emission coefficients and greenhouse gas emission factors and other relevant indicators,so as to measure and analyze the agricultural carbon emissions in Yunnan Province in 2020,the carbon emission intensity and the contribution of straw to the"five"utilization of emission reduction and carbon sequestration."The results show that in 2020,Yunnan Province will have the highest carbon emissions and carbon intensity from agriculture.The results show that in 2020,due to the disparity of transportation,economic,climatic and topographic conditions in all states and cities in Yunnan Province,there are 7 cities and municipalities with a comprehensive utilization rate of straw of more than 90%,and 9 cities and municipalities with a comprehensive utilization rate of less than 80%;the agricultural carbon emission in Yunnan Province is 286.37×10^(4)t,and the intensity of the agricultural carbon emission is 0.41t/hm^(2),among which the fertilizers lead to the largest amount of the agricultural carbon emission,as high as 176.12×10^(4)t.176.12×10^(4)t(61.5%);the"five"utilization of crop residues in Yunnan Province makes an important contribution to the net reduction of greenhouse gas emissions,with a total amount of 2.08×10^(5)tCO_(2)e,of which the greenhouse gas emission reduction brought about by the comprehensive utilization of straw is 2.17×10^(5)tCO_(2)e.The GHG emissions caused by open burning of straw were 8.8×10^(5)tCO_(2)e;fertilizer and fuel utilization had the highest emission reductions,with reductions of 1.1×10^(5)tCO_(2)e and 5.1×10^(4)tCO_(2)e,respectively,and it is proposed to improve the level of utilization of fertilizers and fuels,and increase the technical support for the utilization of the larger contribution to the emission reductions,which will contribute to the achievement of the"dual carbon"goal in China.This will help China to realize the goal of"double carbon".