中美战略竞争背景下岸田政府的对华政策

Kishida Government’s Policy Towards China Under the Background of China-US Strategic Competition

当今世界政治格局的变化正受到中美大国间战略竞争的影响,日本作为中国的邻国及美国的同盟国,其对华政策一贯受制于美国对华关系与政策、日美同盟及中美关系互动等因素。自岸田政府执政以来,在“新时代现实主义外交”理念的指引下,日本对中国总体战略上采取竞争、防范、牵制,对华政策呈现新的战略导向:将中国定位为“最大战略挑战者”;实行政治“实践”与“承诺”相割裂的模式;推动低位政治高位化;插手中国内政等。岸田政府对华政策背后存在经济、地区与国家安全和国际地位等方面的的利益认知,使其在“选边站”的天平上呈现彻底偏向美国的趋势。岸田政府对华政策将加深亚太地区的地缘政治裂痕,加大地区军备竞赛风险,不仅削弱了中日之间的安全互信,还恶化了周边国家尤其是中国的整体发展环境,对中国的战略应对提出了重大考验。

The changes in the current world political pattern are being affected by the strategic competition between major powers of China and the United States.As a neighbor of China and an ally of the United States,Japan’s policy towards China has always been subject to factors such as the relations and policies of the United States towards China,the alliance between Japan and the United States and the interaction between China and the United States.Since the Kishida government came to power,under the guidance of the concept of“New Era Realist Diplomacy”,Japan has adopted the overall strategy of competition,prevention and containment towards China,and China policy presents a new strategic orientation:positioning China as the“biggest strategic challenger”;practicing a model that separate political“practice”from“commitment”;promoting the elevation of low politics;and meddling in China’s internal affairs.Behind the Kishida government’s China policy,there are interests in economic,regional and national security and international status,so that it has shown a trend of completely favoritism to the United States in the balance of“choosing sides”.The Kishida government’s China policy will deepen the geopolitical rift in the Asia-Pacific region,increase the risk of regional arms race,not only weaken the security trust between China and Japan,but also deteriorate the overall development environment of the neighboring countries,especially China,which poses a major test for China’s strategic response.