日本奈良东大寺卢舍那铸铜佛像考述

Research on the Bronze Buddha Statue of Locanabuddha at Todai-Ji Temple in Nara,Japan

华严经典的流播带来了魏晋、唐朝时期华严思想的兴盛,进而推动了卢舍那佛造像的发展。唐王朝的强盛及对华严信仰的推崇辐射至东亚各国。统一新罗时代,朝鲜半岛上的卢舍那佛造像逐渐流行且结智拳印。日本奈良东大寺的卢舍那铸铜佛像受由唐传来的华严思想与铜铸技术的影响得以建造,东大寺卢舍那铜佛一定程度参照了奉先寺卢舍那大佛,但在背光与胁侍菩萨上两尊佛像差异明显,推测是借鉴了不同华严经典及受到本土化佛造像特征的影响所造成的。

The dissemination of Huayan classics brought about the flourishing of Huayan thought during the Wei,Jin and Tang Dynasties,which in turn promoted the development of the statue of Locanabuddha.The prosperity of the Tang Dynasty and its reverence for the Huayan belief radiated to various countries in East Asia.During the unification of Xinluo era,the statue of Locanabuddha on the Korean Peninsula became popular and presented the hand print of Zhiquan.The bronze Buddha statue of Locanabuddha at Todai-Ji Temple in Nara,Japan was constructed under the influence of the Tang Dynasty’s Huayan thought and copper casting techniques.The bronze Buddha statue of Locanabuddha at Todai-Ji Temple was to some extent modeled after the Buddha statue of Locanabuddha at Fengxian Temple,but there are significant differences between the two Buddha statues in terms of backlighting and attendant Bodhisattva,and it is speculated that this was due to the borrowing of different Huayan classics and the influence of localized Buddha statue characteristics.