PPP协议的法律性质及法律适用刍议

On the Legal Nature and Application of PPP Agreements

理论和实践中,人们对PPP协议的法律性质一直存在较大争议,引发了PPP协议解纷法律救济上的混乱。PPP协议的法律性质争议具体包括民事合同说、行政合同说和混合合同说,由于PPP协议具有公私混合属性,应将PPP协议认定为混合合同,诉讼解决纠纷应适用公、私法律规范审查。具体而言,应建立多元化的解决机制,一是采用德国双阶理论,构建“行+民”或“行+行”的诉讼模式;二是赋予私人部门救济途径选择权;三是广泛使用仲裁模式解决PPP协议纠纷。

In theory and practice,there has always been a great dispute over the legal nature of PPP agreements,which has caused confusion in the legal relief of PPP agreements.The disputes of the legal nature of PPP agreements include civil contract theory,administrative contract theory and mixed contract theory,because PPP agreements have the mixed nature of public and private,PPP agreements should be identified as a mixed contract,and the public and private legal norms should be applied to the litigation settlement of disputes.To be specific,diversified settlement mechanisms should be established.Firstly,the German two-stage theory is adopted to build a litigation model of“administrative+civil”or“administrative+administrative”;secondly,the private sector should be given the right to choose relief channels;thirdly,the arbitration model should be widely used to resolve PPP agreements disputes.