何以塑造:美国左翼记者史沫特莱的中共观生成探究

The Generation of Agnes Smedley’s Views on the Communist Party of China

抗战时期海外中共观的塑造反映了以海外记者为代表的海外认知群体的国际主义精神和革命同情立场。这些精神因素与他们在中国的一线体验,共同形成了对中国共产党的总体认识,这些认识对中国共产党的对外传播起到了重要作用。史沫特莱的中共观塑造便是海外记者群体中的重要典范。史沫特莱中共观的生成是中国共产党领导革命实践和其个人主体认知强化共同作用的结果,其中共观强调中国共产党是人民意志的代言人、人道主义的解放力量和根据地民主的建设者。史沫特莱中共观主要通过抗战叙事凸显军民合作下的集体认同,以人物叙事建构起中国共产党的“群像”与“具像”,以解放叙事烘托出中国共产党的人类价值关怀,将一个客观立体的革命中的中国共产党呈现给世界。

The shaping of the overseas view on the CPC during Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression(1931-1945)reflects the overall understanding of the CPC jointly formed by the overseas cognitive community represented by overseas journalists with their prior spirit of internationalism and sympathy with revolution,coupled with their front line experience in China,which played an important role in the foreign dissemination of the CPC.Among them,the shaping of Agnes Smedley(1892-1950)’s view on the CPC has become an important model.The generation of her view on the CPC is the result of the joint action of the revolutionary practice of the CPC leadership and the strengthening of her personal subjective cognition,which formed several aspects of the CPC,emphasizing that the CPC is the spokesperson for the people’s will,the humanitarian force for liberation,and the builder of democracy in the base area.These understandings mainly highlight the collective identity under the civil-military cooperation through the narrative of the War Against Japanese Aggression,construct the“group portrait”and“representational image”of the CPC through the narrative of characters,and highlight the concern of human values of the CPC through the narrative of liberation,thus presenting an objective and three-dimensional picture of the CPC in the revolution to the world.