全周期、多维度:志愿者灾害救援协调行动机制构建

Full-Cycle and Multi-Dimension:The Construction of a Coordinated Action Mechanism for Volunteer Disaster Relief

运用“合供”理论与协同共治的研究视角发现,灾害救援协调行动机制的缺失制约着志愿者救灾效能的充分发挥,原因在于常态化建设不足,自组织行为失序,评价监督缺乏,激励补偿不足,法治建设滞后。应从重特大灾害事前、事中、事后的全过程应对进行行动协调。事前加快志愿者队伍常态化建设,事中搭建线上协调行动平台,事后引入评价监督、激励补偿机制,完善法治建设,激发志愿者参与救灾活力,以推进应急管理体系和能力现代化。

From the research perspective of“co-supply”theory and collaborative governance,it is found that the absence of a coordinated action mechanism for disaster rescue limits the effectiveness of volunteers’disaster relief efforts.This limitation arises from inadequate normalization,disordered self-organization behavior,lack of evaluation and supervision,insufficient incentives and compensation,and delayed rule of law construction.It is necessary to coordinate actions throughout the entire process of responding to major disasters—before,during,and after the event.Specifically,this involves accelerating the normalization of the volunteer team in advance,establishing an online coordination platform during the event,introducing evaluation and supervision as well as incentives and compensation afterward,and improving the rule of law to enhance volunteer engagement and advance the modernization of the emergency management system and capacity.