人工智能伦理治理研究

Artificial Intelligence Ethical Governance of Science and Technology

以人工智能为代表的新质生产力逐渐成为智能时代下经济发展的强劲动力,同时也引致了智能技术对人类个体和整体合法权益的担忧。中国在多个国际场合下都提出了“以人为本、智能向善”的主张,引导全球在人工智能伦理的轨道上发展智能技术。人工智能伦理有遵循一般科技伦理原则的方面,同时更多涉及社会伦理问题及人类整体安全问题。文章通过探讨人工智能伦理的基本内涵,分析人工智能伦理审查的道德正当性与政策规范的必要性,厘清人工智能伦理审查的理论逻辑,提出人工智能伦理审查机制的构建在坚持“以人为本”的基础上确保人工智能“向善”发展,还需确保制度规范的公平公正,厘清透明度与问责制的因果联系,确保科技发展与法律关系的稳定性,在人工智能伦理审查原则中落实监管责任,适时建立审查评估制度。

The new quality of productivity represented by artificial intelligence has gradually become a strong driving force for economic development in the intelligent age,and at the same time has led to the impact of technology on indi⁃vidual and collective legitimate rights and interests.Different from science and technology ethics and social ethics,AI ethics is the extension and concretization of social ethics in a specific technological field.It not only has to follow the basic principles of social ethics,but also has to deal with the specific challenges and problems brought by AI technol⁃ogy,such as deep forgery,network fraud,and algorithmic black boxes.In the face of these problems,it is necessary to clarify the theoretical logic of AI ethical review and the necessity of moral justification and policy regulation of AI ethi⁃cal review.On this basis,for the construction of the principle of AI ethical review,it is not only necessary to ensure the"good"development of AI on the basis of adhering to the"people oriented"principle,but also necessary to ensure the fairness and impartiality of the institutional norms,to clarify the causal link between transparency and accountability,and to ensure the stability of the relationship between science and technology and the law.It is also necessary to ensure the fairness and impartiality of the institutional norms,clarify the causal link between transparency and accountability,and ensure the stability of the relationship between science and technology and the law,and implement the regulatory responsibility in the principle of AI ethical review.