重混创作的用户生成内容著作权问题研究

Research on Copyright of User-Generated-Content in Remixed Creation

数智化时代的技术加持、智能手机APP的飞速发展,使得重混创作的用户生成内容持续迸发出勃勃活力。合理界定重混创作的用户生成内容并分析其引发的相关著作权问题有利于促进文化传播和知识创新。虽然可以采用“差异化独创性标准”对重混创作进行保护,但重混创作毕竟要利用在先作品,因此必须要明确是否构成侵权或者合理使用,采用“转换性使用”的标准具有一定的合理性,将其纳入合理使用兜底性条款开创了判断重混创作的用户生成内容构成合理使用的新路径。从保障公众参与文化的角度提出了用户“使用者权”,以积极性权利激发用户重混创作的活力;从保障著作权人固有正当利益的角度建议设置“选择退出”的消极许可模式,从而更好地调和著作权人与用户的关系,推动文化市场的扩展和文化价值的传播;从技术赋能的角度促使重混创作UGC平台服务者在事前阶段积极行动、主动作为,以营造风清气正的平台环境,提高用户社交体验感。

With the support of technology in the era of digital intelligence and the rapid development of smart phone APP,the user-generated-content created by remixing continues to burst into full vitality.Reasonably defining the user-generated content and analyzing the related copyright problems caused by it is conducive to promoting cultural communication and knowledge innovation.Although can use"differentiation originality standard"to protect remix cre⁃ation,remix creation needs to use prior works,so the judgments of infringement and reasonable use are particularly im⁃portant.The converted use standard be included in the bottom term of reasonable use creates a new path to judge the remixed user-generated-content belongs to reasonable use.From the perspective of guaranteeing the public participa⁃tion culture,the"user right"of users is proposed,so as to stimulate the vitality of the creation with the active right.It is suggested to set the negative licensing mode so as to reconcile the relationship between the copyright owner and the user and to promote the expansion of the cultural market and the dissemination of cultural value.Promoting the cre⁃ation of platform from the stage in advance,so as to create a clean platform environment and improve the users'social experience.