寒旱区温度效应下土壤水盐运移多因素耦合理论研究进展

Research Progress on Multi-factor Coupling Theory of Soil Water and Salt Transport Under Temperature Effect in Cold and Arid Regions

土壤盐碱化是一个全球性问题,严重制约着农业发展,了解水盐运移规律是改善和预防土壤盐碱化的关键。在寒冷干旱地区农田非耕作期,土壤水盐运移规律主要受冻融作用的影响,而冻融循环下正负温交替对土壤水盐的迁移起到了决定性作用。基于冻融循环作用,从正、负温度效应入手,综述了水-热-气-力-盐耦合等一系列研究成果,分析了正、负温度驱动力的产生及数值模型与试验研究的发展,并在此基础上展望了变化环境条件下土壤盐碱化研究未来的发展方向。盐碱地是世界上最重要的后备耕地资源之一,合理、科学地利用盐碱地,对盐渍土进行改良,防止土壤进一步盐碱化,显得尤为重要。改良盐碱地在农业发展中凸显了节水、生态、低能耗的趋势。研究不同条件下土壤盐分演变的驱动机制和生态调控机制,对改善土壤盐分具有重要意义。

Soil salinization is a global problem,which seriously restricts the development of agriculture.Understanding the law of water-salt transport is the key to improving and preventing soil salinization.In cold and arid areas during the non-tillage period of farmland,the movement of soil water and salt is primarily influenced by freeze-thaw cycles,where alternating positive and negative temperatures play a crucial role.In this paper,based on the freeze-thaw cycle,starting from the positive and negative temperature effects,a series of research results such as water-heat-gas-force-salt coupling are reviewed.Furthermore,the generation of positive and negative temperature driving forces and the development of numerical models and experimental research are analyzed.On this basis,the future development direction of soil salinization research under changing environmental conditions is prospected.Saline-alkali land is one of the most important reserves cultivated land resources in the world.It is particularly important to use saline-alkali land reasonably and scientifically to improve saline soil and prevent further salinization of soil.The improvement of saline-alkali land highlights the trend of water saving,ecology and low energy consumption in agricultural development.Studying the driving mechanism and ecological regulation mechanism of soil salinity evolution under different conditions is of great significance for improving soil salinity.