棉花自动化滴灌灌水频次对土壤墒情及产量的影响

The Effect of Automatic Drip Irrigation on Soil Moisture and Yield of Cotton Irrigation Frequency

为研究棉花自动化滴灌灌水频次对土壤墒情及产量的影响,于2019-2020年在新疆昌吉农业园区现代化灌溉示范区,对棉花自动化滴灌在相同灌溉定额(W=4800 m^(3)/hm^(2))、施肥量(尿素300 kg/hm^(2),二胺234.67 kg/hm^(2),硫酸钾117.33 kg/hm^(2))及其他农艺管理措施与大田保持一致时,试验设置4个处理,分别对各处理3个重复进行灌水频次试验研究。结果表明:灌水频次处理(T1:12次、T2:10次、T3:8次、T4:6次)时棉花籽棉产量分别为5751.72、5434.22、5353.71、5261.89 kg/hm^(2),水分利用效率为1.20、1.13、1.20、1.10 kg/m^(3),其0~40 cm深度平均土壤含水率为23.84%~34.51%、21.45%~32.97%、19.52%~32.67%、16.94%~32.37%;在气候、土壤、田间及管理措施等条件相同的情况下,推荐棉花生育期内灌水次数12次、灌水周期6 d作为棉花自动化滴灌灌水频频次和灌水周期。

To study the effect of automatic drip irrigation frequency on soil moisture and yield in cotton,four treatments were set up in the modern irrigation demonstration area of Changji Agricultural Park in Xinjiang from 2019 to 2020,with the same irrigation quota(W=4800 m^(3)/hm^(2)),fertilization amount(urea 300 kg/hm^(2),diamine 234.67 kg/hm^(2),potassium sulfate 117.33 kg/hm^(2)),and other agronomic management measures consistent with the field.Three repeated irrigation frequency experiments were conducted on each treatment.The results showed that the cotton seed yield was 5751.72 kg/hm^(2),5434.22 kg/hm^(2),5353.71 kg/hm^(2),5261.89 kg/hm^(2),and the water use efficiency was 1.20 kg/m^(3),1.13 kg/m^(3),1.2 kg/m^(3),and 1.10 kg/m^(3),respectively,when treated with irrigation frequency(T1:12,T2:10,T3:8,T4:6).The average soil moisture content at 0~40 cm depth was 23.84%~34.51%,21.45%~32.97%,19.52%~32.67%,and 16.94%~32.37%.Under the same conditions of climate,soil,field,and management measures,it is recommended to apply automatic drip irrigation to cotton with a frequency of 12 irrigations and a 6-day interval during the growth period.