快速客运机车踏面磨耗状态下的悬挂参数多目标优化

Multi-objective optimization of suspension parameters for rapid passenger locomotive under worn wheel condition

针对快速客运机车在磨耗轮状态下的动力学性能退化问题,开展了机车转向架悬挂参数多目标优化,以提升机车的动力学性能。首先,建立了快速客运机车动力学仿真模型并验证了准确性;然后通过相关性分析选取关键悬挂参数,并建立与动力学性能指标之间的代理模型;最后基于代理模型采用遗传算法对悬挂参数进行动力学多目标优化。优化结果表明:选取合适的悬挂参数可提升磨耗轮状态下的机车运行安全性、稳定性及平稳性,转向架二次蛇行稳定性得到了较好的提升,其中脱轨系数及轮重减载率降低20%以上,轮轴横向力及构架横向加速度降低30%以上。

In response to the deterioration of dynamic performance of rapid passenger locomotive under worn wheel condition,multi-objective optimization of locomotive bogie suspension parameters is carried out to improve the locomotive’s dynamic performance.Firstly,a rapid passenger locomotive dynamics simulation model is established and its accuracy is verified.Then,key suspension parameters are selected through correlation analysis,and a surrogate model is established between them and dynamic performance indicators.Finally,based on the surrogate model,a genetic algorithm is used to optimize the suspension parameters for dynamic multi-objective optimization.The optimization results indicate that selecting appropriate suspension parameters can improve the safety,stability,and stationarity of locomotive operation under worn wheel condition.The secondary hunting stability of the bogie has been significantly improved.The derailment coefficient and wheel load reduction rate decrease by more than 20%,and the lateral force of the wheel axle and the lateral acceleration of the frame decrease by more than 30%.