皮肤科门诊浅部真菌病患者病原菌分布及临床特征

Distribution and clinical characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in patients with superficial mycosis in dermatology clinic

目的:分析皮肤科门诊浅部真菌病患者病原菌分布及临床特征。方法:选取2020年8月至2021年8月泉州市第一医院收治的353例浅部真菌病患者进行横断面研究,所有患者取样进行真菌镜检与培养,统计浅部真菌病患者的菌种、性别、年龄分布情况,以及不同类型浅部真菌病的菌种分布情况。结果:353例浅部真菌病患者中红色毛癣菌占比最高,为44.76%;其次为须癣毛癣菌,白色念珠菌、光滑念珠菌。女性足癣发病率高于男性,男性股癣发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。体癣、股癣、甲癣、手癣、足癣发病率最高年龄段均为21~30岁;头癣发病率最高年龄段为0~10岁。体癣、股癣和甲癣中红色毛癣菌占比最高,手癣和足癣中白念珠菌占比最高。结论:皮肤科门诊浅部真菌病患者的致病真菌以红色毛癣菌和须癣毛癣菌为主,临床特征为女性足癣发病率高于男性,男性股癣发病率高于女性,21~30岁为易感人群。

Objective:To analyze distribution and clinical characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in patients with superficial mycosis in dermatology clinic.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 353 patients with superficial mycosis admitted to Quanzhou First Hospital from August 2020 to August 2021.All patients were sampled for fungal microscopy and culture.The species,the gender and the age distributions of the patients with superficial mycosis as well as the species distribution of different types of superficial mycosis were statistically analyzed.Results:Among the 353 patients with superficial mycosis,Trichophyton rubrum accounted for the highest proportion,accounting for 44.76%;followed by Trichophyton mentagrophytes,Candida albicans,Candida glabrata.The incidence of tinea pedis in females was higher than that in males,the incidence of tinea cruris in males was higher than that in females,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The highest incidence of tinea corporis,tinea cruris,tinea onychomycosis,tinea manus and tinea pedis was 21-30 years old.The highest incidence of tinea capitis was 0-10 years old.Trichophyton rubrum accounted for the highest proportion in tinea corporis,tinea cruris and onychomycosis,and Candida albicans accounted for the highest proportion in tinea manus and tinea pedis.Conclusions:The pathogenic fungi of superficial mycosis in dermatology clinic are mainly Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.The clinical characteristics are that the incidence of tinea pedis in females is higher than that in males,the incidence of tinea cruris in males is higher than that in females,and the susceptible population is 21-30 years old.