浅析有证据证明“发现”漏罪的具体证明要求

A Brief Analysis of the Specific Proof Requirementsfor “Finding” the Crime of Omission with Evidence

《刑法》第七十条规定了对发现漏罪应当数罪并罚的规定,司法实践中对发现漏罪的理解适用总体偏向于有利于行为人原则,但对于发现漏罪所要求的证明要求并没有明确。基于此,通过分析刑事诉讼流程中的立案前的调查核实权及刑事立案侦查权的具体作用及功能,认为发现漏罪的时间节点与该漏罪是否被立案无关,即否认漏罪的立案时间必须在后罪判决宣告之后、刑罚执行完毕之前这个期间内才能认定为“发现”漏罪。同时,对发现漏罪时间及内容作广义理解,即对判决宣告之前发现漏罪的、仅发现犯罪事实未发现行为人的以及仅发现狭义多次犯其中一次违法行为的,一般也可认定为“发现”漏罪。

Article 70 of the Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China(hereinafter referred to as the Criminal Law)stipulates that the discovery of a crime of omission should be punished for multiple crimes.In judicial practice,the understanding and application of the discovery of a crime of omission generally tend to favor the principle of the perpetrator,but the evidentiary requirements required for the discovery of a crime of omission are not clear.Based on this,the author attempts to analyze the specific roles and functions of the investigation and verification power before filing and the criminal investigation power before filing in the criminal litigation process.It is believed that the time node for discovering a missed crime is not related to whether the missed crime has been fled,that is,the time for denying the missed crime must be within the period alter the judgment of the subsequent crime is announced and before the execution of the punishment is completed before it can be recognized as a“discovered”missed crime.At the same time.the author believes that a broad understanding should be given to the time and content of discovering omissions,that is,those who discover omissions before the judgment is announced,those who only discover the facts of the crime but do not discover the perpetrator,and those who only discover multiple illegal acts in a narrow sense can generally be considered as“discovering”omissions.