氟硅酸制氢氟酸吉布斯自由能的探讨

Exploration of Gibbs Free Energy in the Production of Hydrofluoric Acid from Fluorosilicic Acid

对氟硅酸制氢氟酸涉及的反应的吉布斯自由能的计算以及对反应的影响进行了讨论。运用开源程序Octave的符号运算求解了氟化氢铵分别与氟化钠和氟化钾反应的平衡体系。结果表明,氟硅酸氨解过程是自发的,氟化铵分解反应是非自发的,氟化氢铵与氟化钠或氟化钾的反应是平衡反应,氟化氢钠或氟化氢钾的分解反应是非自发的。对于平衡反应体系,氟化氢铵与氟化盐的物质的量比在1∶0.9~1∶1.1时,反应产物的含量最大,此时反应的转化率约为50%,产物的质量分数约为60%。

This article discusses the calculation of Gibbs free energy involved in the production of hydrofluoric acid from fluorosilicic acid and its impact on the reaction.The symbol operation of the open-source program Octave was used to solve the equilibrium system of ammonium bifluoride reacting with sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride,respectively.The calculation results indicate that the ammonolysis process of fluorosilicate is spontaneous,the decomposition reaction of ammonium fluoride is non spontaneous,the reaction of ammonium bifluoride with sodium or potassium fluoride is an equilibrium reaction,and the decomposition reaction of sodium or potassium bifluoride is non spontaneous.For an equilibrium reaction system,when the molar feed ratio of ammonium bifluoride to fluoride salt is between 1∶0.9-1.1,the content of reaction products is the highest.At this time,the conversion rate of the reaction is about 50%,and the main content of the product is about 60%.