录像民族志在人机交互研究中的可能与可为

The Potential of Ethnomethodological Ethnography in Human-Computer Interaction Research

民族志在人文社会科学,特别是人类学、社会学和传播学等领域得到了广泛应用。在过去半个世纪,民族志与人机交互研究在西方已经形成了丰富的交叉融合,产出了很多学科碰撞的研究成果,但遗憾的是,中文学界对于这一交叉领域的探讨和应用仍较为少见。鉴于此,本文旨在介绍基于常人方法学(ethnomethodology)的“录像民族志”在人机交互研究中的应用。本文通过回顾录像民族志在过去半个世纪以来人机交互研究中的经典案例,探讨了传统民族志与录像民族志之间的微妙差异与内在共性;同时,结合笔者自身在中国本土收集的人机交互素材,阐述了录像民族志为人机交互研究提供关于序列性、身体性和隐蔽劳动相关层面的独特分析思路和分析要点,并展望了录像民族志在我国本土人机交互研究中的可能与可为。

Ethnography has been widely used in the humanities and social sciences,especially in anthropology,sociology and communication studies.In the past half century,ethnography has become an important approach in the field of human-computer interaction(HCI)research in the western context,resulting in many studies from this interdisciplinary perspective.However,the Chinese academic community has few discussions and applications in this field.In view of this,this article aims to introduce the use of“video-based ethnography”(or ethnome-thodological ethnography)in HCI research.This article will explore the subtle nuances and inherent commonalities between traditional ethnography and ethnomethodological ethnography.Then this article will review the classic studies of video-based ethnography in HCI over the past half century.At the same time,based on the authors own empirical materials in HCI collected in China,this article will elaborate how video-based ethnography provides unique values and novelty for HCI research in terms of sequentiality,embodiment and hidden labor.In so doing,this article aims to discuss the potential of ethnomethodological ethnography in exploring local HCI issues in China.