2022年河南省洛阳市中小学校传染病防控管理现况调查

Investigation on the current status of communicable disease prevention and control management in primary and secondary schools of Luoyang,Henan,2022

目的了解河南省洛阳市中小学校传染病防控与管理工作的状况,为学校传染病预防措施制定和建立有效防控机制提供依据。方法2022年按照“国家双随机监督抽检”要求抽取洛阳市中小学校169所,通过现场监督检查、填写调查打分表等方式了解学校传染病的防控管理状况,并分析结果。结果2022年洛阳市169所中小学校中,寄宿制学校和学生人数超过600人的学校111所,卫生室配置率为22.52%,专职卫生技术人员配置率为24.32%;城区中小学校卫生室和专技人员配置率均高于县乡,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.580、4.668,P均<0.05)。95.86%的学校成立有传染病预防控制工作小组,城区中小学校高于县乡(χ^(2)=3.868,P<0.05)。100.00%的学校均建立有专职学校传染病疫情报告人制度,城区中小学校晨检、病愈复课制度和记录的达标率均高于县乡,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别为4.304、4.431,P均<0.05)。98.81%的学校制定有突发传染病事件应急预案城区,79.29%开展培训及演练。结论洛阳市中小学校卫生资源配置不足,尤其是卫生室和校医配置亟待解决。传染病防控制度的建立、应急预案和演练等各项制度落实情况较好,但仍需进一步完善。

Objective To understand the current status of communicable disease(CD)prevention and control management in primary and secondary schools in Luoyang,Henan Province,so as to provide the evidence for formulating CD prevention measures and establishing an effective CD prevention and control mechanism in schools.Methods In 2022,169 primary and secondary schools in Luoyang were selected according to the requirements of the"National Double Random Supervision Sampling".The status of CD prevention and control management in schools was assessed through on-site supervision inspections and filling out survey scoring forms;the results were analyzed.Results In 2022,of the 169 primary and secondary schools in Luoyang,111 were boarding schools,including more than 600 students.The establishing rate of clinics was 22.52%,and the proportion of schools having full-time health technical professionals was 24.32%.The establishing rate of clinics and proportion of schools having full-time health technical professionals in urban primary and secondary schools were both higher than those in county and township schools,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=4.580 and 4.668,respectively;both P<0.05).Of the schools,95.86%had established CD prevention and control working groups,with a higher percentage in urban schools than that in county and township schools(χ^(2)=3.868,P<0.05),and 100.00%had established a system for dedicated CD epidemic reporters.The compliance rates of morning inspections,return-to-school procedures after illness and record-keeping were all higher in urban schools than those in county and township schools,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=4.304 and 4.431,respectively;both P<0.05).Of the schools,98.81%had formulated emergency plans for emergent CD events,and 79.29%conducted training and drills.Conclusions There is a shortage of health resources in primary and secondary schools of Luoyang,especially school clinics and doctors,which needs to be urgently addressed.The establishment and implementation of CD prevention and control systems,emergency plans,and drills are relatively good,but still need further improvement.