基于自然地下水矿化度分布的北方沿海区水稻适宜规模研究

Research on the Appropriate Scale of Rice in Northern Coastal Area Based on the Distribution of Mineralization Degree of Natural Groundwater

基于自然地下水矿化度分布规律,探究北方沿海区水稻合理种植规模具有重要的节水压盐意义。本研究以唐山市为例,基于地下水矿化度监测及Landsat遥感影像等数据,分析了水稻种植规模时空分布,结合水稻生长的矿化度阈值,利用叠加分析法提出适宜种植规模和调整措施。结果表明:受水资源短缺影响,1991年以来唐山沿海区的水稻种植面积逐年减少,现状水稻种植面积基本稳定在6.28万hm^(2)。地下水矿化度大于3、1~3 g/L和小于1 g/L的区域分别为水稻保留区、探索退减区和优先调减区,面积分别为4.80、1.69和1.05万hm^(2)。结合国家粮食安全要求,唐山市沿海区适宜水稻种植面积为5.00~5.33万hm^(2)。研究成果为北方沿海区水田的开发利用和粮食节水增产策略提供了新思路。

Exploring the optimal scale of rice cultivation in northern coastal regions holds significance for water-saving and salt-mitigating.This study takes Tangshan City as an example and analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution of rice planting scale based on groundwater salini-ty monitoring and Landsat remote-sensing images.Combining the salinity threshold of rice growth,we propose appropriate planting scale and adjustment measures through overlay analysis.The findings reveal that due to the shortage of water resources,rice cultivation area in the coastal area of Tangshan has been decreasing annually since 1991,with the current area stabilizing at approximately 62800 hectares.Areas with groundwater mineralization levels above 3 g/L,between 1 and 3 g/L,and below 1 g/L are designated as rice preservation,reduction,and prohibition zones,covering 48000,16900 and 10500 hectares,respectively.Considering national food security requirements,the suit-able rice cultivation area is estimated between 50000 to 53300 hectares.The research results offer new insights into the strategies for water-saving and yield-increasing in grain production in northern coastal areas.