供需匹配视角下乡村游憩资源空间格局及影响因素研究——以福州市为例

Analysis of the Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Rural Recreation Resources from the Supply-Demand Matching Perspective——Take Fuzhou City as an Example

乡村游憩资源是乡村旅游产业发展的载体与基础,供需匹配能够在探究乡村游憩资源空间格局和影响因素的基础上分析资源供给与游客需求之间的匹配状态,是推动乡村游憩空间合理规划、实现乡村可持续发展的重要途径.以福州市乡村游憩资源为研究对象,引入供需匹配关系理论,构建福州市乡村游憩资源分类方案,量化识别福州市乡村游憩资源的空间分布特征、供需匹配空间格局及主要影响因素.结果表明:(1)福州市乡村游憩资源类型丰富,分类体系涵盖4个主类、11个亚类、50个基本类型和108161个单体;(2)乡村游憩资源空间分布不均衡,呈现东多西少、东聚西散的组团式空间格局;(3)福州市乡村游憩资源供需匹配地域差异显著,总体表现出东优西差、带状分布的特点;(4)福州市乡村游憩资源空间格局是由自然生态环境、社会人口条件、经济发展水平等多重因素共同作用的结果,海拔、游客密度与其他影响因子交互具有显著的解释力,两者是影响福州市乡村游憩资源空间格局的主导因素.

Rural recreation resources are the carrier and foundation of the development of rural tourism industry,and supply-demand matching can analyze the matching status between resource supply and tourist demand on the basis of exploring the spatial pattern and influencing factors of rural recreation resources,which is an important way to promote rural recreation space planning and achieve sustainable rural development.Taking rural recreation resources in Fuzhou as the research object,the theory of supply-demand matching relationship was introduced,and the classification scheme of rural recreation resources in Fuzhou City was constructed,and the spatial distribution characteristics,spatial pattern of supply-demand matching and main influencing factors of rural recreation resources in Fuzhou City were quantitatively identified.The results showed that:(1)Fuzhou City had rich types of rural recreation resources,and the classification system covered 4 main categories,11 subcategories,50 basic types and 108161 individuals.(2)The spatial distribution of rural recreation resources was uneven,showing a group-type spatial pattern of more in east and less in west,and east gathering and west scattering.(3)The regional difference between supply and demand of rural recreation resources in Fuzhou City was significant,and the overall characteristics of east-west difference and belt distribution were generally displayed.(4)The spatial pattern of rural recreation resources in Fuzhou City is the result of the joint action of multiple factors such as natural ecological environment,social and demographic conditions,and economic development level,and the interaction between altitude,tourist density and other influencing factors has significant explanatory power,which is the leading factor affecting the spatial pattern of rural recreation resources in Fuzhou City.This study enriched the research on the allocation of rural recreational resources from the perspective of supply and demand,which is of great significance for understanding the characteristics of tourists'recreational behavior and providing scientific reference for the development and utilization of rural recreational resources.