原子核内结团结构研究的探测器设置

Detector Configuration for the Study of Cluster Structures of Nucleus

原子核结团结构是目前核物理研究的热点之一,其常用的实验测量方法有碎裂反应和转移反应2种,然而如何摆放实验中的探测器以获得最佳的探测效率和能量分辨,目前还有待科学地分析研究.首先对原子核的激发过程进行了分析,为反应后碎片的如何分布提供了理论基础;然后根据不同激发过程对碎片分布的影响进行了系统模拟研究,仔细分析了探测器与靶的距离对探测效率和能量分辨的影响;最后与已开展的实验进行了对比研究,给出了现有实验装置测量时的改进方法,该方法可对后续的实验设置进行计算优化,并对类似的实验设置进行指导.

The study of nucleus cluster structure is currently one of the hot topics in nuclear physics research.The commonly used experimental measurement methods include fragmentation reaction and transfer reaction.However,how to arrange the detector in the experiment to obtain the best detection efficiency and energy resolution still waits scientific analysis and research.In this paper,the excitation process of atomic nuclei was analyzed,which provided a theoretical basis for study of the distribution of fragments after the reaction.Then,the effects of the distance between the detector and the target on the detection efficiency and energy resolution were carefully analyzed,and the methods for improvement of measurement with the existing experimental devices were also pointed out.The method presented in this paper can be used to optimize the subsequent experimental settings and provide guidance for similar experimental settings.