园林雕塑作品对环境感知和体验的影响机制

The Impact Mechanism of Garden Sculpture on Environmental Perception and Experience

为探究园林艺术设计中雕塑作品对环境感知和体验的影响,通过深入研究园林中雕塑作品与环境之间的关联,揭示雕塑作品在提升人们对自然环境感知和体验方面的作用.采用实地问卷调查,从视觉感知、听觉感知、触觉感知3个维度调查了游客对北京国际雕塑公园中雕塑作品的感知评价.通过相关性分析法,评估了视觉、听觉和触觉感知偏好与游客整体评价之间的关系.随后,采用逐步多元线性回归分析方法,进一步量化了这3种感知偏好对游客整体评价的具体影响.研究结果显示,多感官感知对游客的雕塑景观体验有重要影响.其中,游客对雕塑作品的视觉感知偏好普遍高于触觉感知,而触觉感知偏好对整体评价的影响又大于听觉感知偏好.实验结果还表明,影响游客对雕塑作品视觉感知偏好的主要因素是视觉和谐、自然度、色彩构成、形态尺寸和层次感;而听觉感知偏好的主要影响因素是音乐舒适度、安静度、活力度、丰富度以及干扰度;触觉感知偏好的主要影响因素是材质质地、形状和表面处理、尺度和位置安排.总的来讲,园林艺术设计中的雕塑作品对人们的环境感知和体验具有积极的影响,通过形态、材质和布置等方式,使人们更深入地感受和体验自然之美,提供与自然亲近的空间,丰富感知体验,并促进人们的社交互动和交流.

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of sculpture artworks in landscape art design on environmental perception and experience.By conducting an in-depth examination of the correlation between sculpture artworks and their surroundings,this research seeks to reveal the role of sculptures in enhancing people's perception and experience of the natural environment.A field questionnaire survey was employed to investigate visitors' perception and evaluation of sculpture artworks in Beijing International Sculpture Park from three dimensions:visual perception,auditory perception,and tactile perception.Subsequently,correlation analysis was conducted to compare the relationships between the three perceptual preferences and the overall evaluation of the sculptures.Further,stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the influence of visual,auditory,and tactile perceptual preferences on visitors' overall evaluation of the sculpture artworks.The results of the study indicate that multisensory perception significantly influences visitors' sculptural landscape experience.Visual perception preferences were generally higher than tactile perception preferences,and tactile perception preferences had a greater impact on the overall evaluation than auditory perception preferences.Additionally,the experimental findings revealed that factors such as visual harmony,naturalness,color composition,form and size,as well as hierarchy significantly influenced visitors' visual perception preferences of the sculptures.For auditory perception preferences,factors such as music comfort,quietness,liveliness,richness,and interference were found to play a primary role.For tactile perception preferences,material texture,shape and surface treatment,as well as scale and arrangement were identified as the main influencing factors.In conclusion,sculpture artworks in landscape art design have a positive impact on people's environmental perception and experience.Through form,material,and arrangement,they enable people to have a deeper appreciation and experience of the beauty of nature,providing spaces close to nature,enriching perceptual experiences,and facilitating social interaction and communication.