服务业集聚如何影响低技能劳动力的空间流动--来自252个地级市的经验证据

How Service Agglomeration Affects Low-Skilled Labor's Spatial Mobility--Empirical Evidence from 252 Prefectural Cities

本文在探讨我国服务业集聚和低技能劳动力流动的时空格局基础上,运用条件Logit模型实证检验服务业集聚对低技能劳动力空间流动的影响效应。研究发现:(1)我国服务业集聚和低技能劳动力流动空间上存在明显的异质性和非均衡性,且两者存在显著的空间相关性;(2)城市服务业集聚水平的上升显著降低了低技能劳动力的流入概率,其中生产性服务业集聚和公共服务业集聚对低技能劳动力流入具有显著的负向作用,而生活性服务业集聚对低技能劳动力流入具有显著的正向作用;(3)服务业集聚水平与东、中部地区低技能劳动力流入负相关,与西部地区低技能劳动力流入正相关,且服务业集聚水平上升对年轻、女性、未婚和农业户口性质的劳动力抑制作用更强。

This study explored the spatiotemporal pattern of service industry agglomeration and low-skilled labor mobility in China using a conditional logit model to empirically test service industry agglomeration's effect on low-skilled labor's spatial mobility.We found(1)obvious heterogeneity and non-equilibrium in the spatial distribution of service industry agglomeration and the low-skilled labor flow in China and a significant spatial correlation between the two.(2)Increasing urban service industry agglomeration significantly reduces the probability of low-skilled labor inflow.Furthermore,the agglomeration of productive and public service industries significantly negatively affects low-skilled labor inflow,whereas living service industry agglomeration significantly positively affects low-skilled labor inflow.(3)The service industry agglomeration level is negatively related to low-skilled labor inflow in the eastern and central regions and positively related to the same in the western region,with increased service industry agglomeration showing a stronger inhibitory effect on young,female,unmarried,and agricultural households within the labor force.