轻度认知障碍进展为阿尔兹海默症风险因素的Meta分析

Risk Factors for Alzheimer’s Disease in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients:a Meta-analysis

目的系统评价轻度认知障碍(MCI)进展为阿尔兹海默症(AD)的风险因素,为早期干预提供参考依据。方法计算机检索国内外6大数据库有关MCI患者进展为AD影响因素的文献,检索时间从建库至2022年12月,由2名研究者单独进行文献筛选及数据提取,采用Stata SE12.0软件进行数据分析。结果最终纳入文献35篇,共10985例MCI患者,提取风险因素13个。Meta分析结果显示:MCI患者AD的患病率为32%,其中年龄(RR=1.07,95%CI:1.02~1.13)、性别(RR=1.50,95%CI:1.33~1.68)、抑郁(RR=1.23,95%CI:1.02~1.48)、高血压(RR=1.45,95%CI:1.04~2.03)、糖尿病(RR=1.92,95%CI:1.44~2.56)、脑血管疾病(RR=1.78,95%CI:1.18~2.69)、携带ApoE基因(RR=1.77,95%CI:1.56~2.01)是MCI进展为AD的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论MCI患者转化为AD的风险较高,且影响因素较多,应早期进行筛查与干预,以降低AD的发生率。

Objective To systematically evaluate risk factors for the progression of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)to Alzheimer’s disease(AD)so as to provide a reference for early intervention.Methods A computerized search for the literature on risk factors influencing the progression of MCI patients to AD was conducted in 6 major domestic and international databases,and the retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to December 2022.Literature screening and data extraction were performed by 2 researchers individually,and data were analyzed using Stata SE12.0 software.Results A total of 35 articles were included,comprising 10,985 MCI patients,with 13 identified risk factors.Meta-analysis results indicated that the prevalence of AD in MCI patients was 32%,with age[RR=1.07,95%CI(1.02-1.13)],gender[RR=1.50,95%CI(1.33-1.68)],depression[RR=1.23,95%CI(1.02-1.48)],hypertension[RR=1.45,95%CI(1.04-2.03)],diabetes[RR=1.92,95%CI(1.44-2.56)],cerebrovascular disease[RR=1.78,95%CI(1.18-2.69)],and the ApoE gene[RR=1.77,95%CI(1.56-2.01)]identified as significant risk factors for the progression of MCI to AD(P<0.05).Conclusions MCI patients have a relatively high risk of the progression of MCI to AD,and there are different risk factors.Early screening and intervention should be advisably carried out to reduce the incidence of AD.