错颌畸形对12~15岁青少年心理影响的临床观察

The Influence of Malocclusion on the Psychology of Adolescents Aged 12-15

目的调查并评估错颌畸形青少年患者的心理状况。方法随机选取2022年4月至2023年4月在南昌大学附属口腔医院口腔正畸科就诊的拟行矫正的青少年患者440例为调查对象,使用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)评估其心理状况,并使用正畸治疗需要指数(IOTN)中的牙齿健康部分(DHC)评估其错颌畸形严重程度。结果与全国常模相比,错颌畸形青少年患者更内向且表现为更高的精神质和神经质及更低的掩饰性(均P<0.001);与女性错颌畸形青少年患者相比,男性患者表现为更高的神经质和掩饰性及更低的精神质(P<0.05);与13~15岁患者相比,12岁患者表现为更高的神经质和更低的掩饰性(P<0.05)。结论错颌畸形对青少年的心理状况有显著影响,且存在性别和年龄差异。

Objective To investigate and assess the psychological status of adolescents aged 12-15 years with malocclusion.Methods A total of 440 adolescent patients with proposed orthodontic treatment who attended the Department of Orthodontics at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University from April 2022 to April 2023 were randomly selected as the subjects,and their psychological status was assessed using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ)and the severity of their malocclusion was evaluated using the Dental Health Component(DHC)in the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Needs(IOTN).Results Compared with the national norm,adolescent patients with malocclusion were more introverted and showed higher psychoticism and neuroticism and lower concealment(both P<0.001);compared with female adolescent patients with malocclusion,male patients showed higher neuroticism and concealment and lower psychoticism(P<0.05);and compared with patients aged 13-15 years,12-year-old patients showed higher neuroticism and lower concealment(P<0.05).Conclusions Malocclusion has a significant effect on the psychological status of adolescents,and there are gender and age differences.