儿童呼吸康复隐藏的解剖与生理学特征

Anatomical and physiological characteristics hidden in the pulmonary rehabilitation in children

呼吸康复是呼吸系统疾病治疗的重要组成部分。开展儿童呼吸康复时应考虑儿童不同于成人的呼吸系统解剖与生理学特征,制定适合于儿童的康复评定和康复治疗方案。儿童特别是婴幼儿,其呼吸系统尚未发育成熟,在解剖和生理学多个方面与成人有明显的不同,在疾病甚至正常状态下,更易发生呼吸道阻塞和呼吸困难。该文主要阐述了儿童的呼吸系统解剖与生理学特征以及儿童呼吸康复治疗需要注意的一些方面,为临床开展儿童呼吸康复提供一定的参考。

Pulmonary rehabilitation is an important comp-onent of the treatment for adult respiratory diseases.When pulmonary rehabilitation is used in children,considerations should be given to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of children's respiratory system that are different from adults,based on which appropriate rehabilitation assessment and therapies for children should be used.Children,especially infants and young children,whose respiratory system is not yet fully developed,have significant differences from adults in anatomy and physiology.In diseases and even in normal conditions,they are more prone to airway obstruction and difficulty in breathing.This article mainly elaborates on the anatomical and physiological characteristics of children's respiratory system,as well as some aspects that need payingattention toinchildren's pulmonary rehabilitationtreatment,aiming to provide certain references forchildren's pulmonary rehabilitationin clinical practice.