安徽省桐城市综合医院门诊患者健康素养现状及其影响因素研究

Health literacy status and influencing factors of outpatients in Tongcheng general hospital of Anhui Province

目的了解安徽省桐城市综合医院门诊患者健康素养的具备情况及其影响因素,为桐城市及同类地区制定卫生健康政策、优化患者管理、开展患者健康促进提供科学依据。方法使用《中国患者健康素养量表》,于2022年7—8月随机抽取安徽省桐城市6家二级及以上医院的3884例门诊患者进行调查。比较不同特征门诊患者健康素养水平,采用二元logistic回归模型分析门诊患者健康素养水平的影响因素。结果安徽省桐城市门诊患者健康素养平均得分为(35.54±6.13)分,总体具备率为29.97%。在医学科学观念、疾病自我管理技能、自我效能3个分量表(维度)平均得分分别为(8.29±3.86)、(16.15±3.05)、(11.10±3.86)分。logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、年龄≥35岁、文化程度为高中/中专及以上、家庭中有从事医疗卫生工作者、职业为公务员或事业单位人员/工矿企业工人/其他、家庭人均月收入为5000~7999元是门诊患者健康素养具备率的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论安徽省桐城市门诊患者健康素养具备率有待提升,应重点向门诊患者普及基本疾病防治知识,特别要加强对低文化程度者、青少年、工矿企业工人的疾病防治知识普及。

Objective To understand the health literacy status and influencing factors of outpatient patients in Tongcheng general hospital,Anhui Province,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating health policies,optimizing patient management,and promoting patient health in Tongcheng City and similar areas.Methods The Chinese Patient Health Literacy Scale was used to randomly select 3884 outpatients from 6 secondary and above hospitals in Tongcheng City,Anhui Province from July to August 2022.The health literacy level of outpatients with different characteristics was compared,and the influencing factors of health literacy level among outpatients were analyzed by binary logistic regression model.Results The average score of health literacy among outpatients in Tongcheng City,Anhui Province was(35.54±6.13),and the overall attainment rate was 29.97%.The average scores of the three subscales(dimensions)of medical science concept,disease self-management skills and self-efficacy were(8.29±3.86),(16.15±3.05)and(11.10±3.86),respectively.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that male,35 years old and above,education level of high school or technical secondary school and above,medical and health workers in the family,civil servants or public institution personnel or workers in industrial and mining enterprises or others,and family per capita monthly income of 5000-7999 yuan were the influencing factors for the health literacy attainment rate of outpatient patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The possession rate of health literacy among outpatients in Tongcheng City,Anhui Province needs to be improved,and the knowledge of basic disease prevention and treatment should be popularized to outpatients,especially for people with low education level,adolescents,and workers in industrial and mining enterprises.