高技术企业利用大数据能力实现创新双元性的多元路径——基于知识动态能力的组态分析

Multiple Paths for High-Tech Enterprises to Use Big Data Capabilities to Achieve Innovation Ambidexterity:Configuration Analysis Based on Knowledge Dynamic Capabilities

立足于数字经济背景,研究采用fsQCA方法,以236家高技术企业为对象,探讨多维度大数据分析能力与内部动态能力联动实现创新双元性的组态路径。研究发现:(1)大数据人员能力是创新双元性的核心条件。(2)存在两类驱动路径,即基础决策型、管理优化型的时间双元模式与分析协同型的结构双元模式。(3)知识协同辅助下,大数据管理及人员能力是实现创新双元性的关键;大数据基础设施与管理能力存在驱动与抑制效应的替代关系。研究结论有助于厘清如何在数字化背景下整合利用不同类型数字能力,帮助高技术企业兼顾探索式创新与利用式创新。

In the context of digital economy,based on the perspective of knowledge-based dynamic capabilities,we developed a theoretical model to delineate the interplay between high-tech firms'knowledge-based digital capabilities,dynamic capabilities,and knowledge integration mechanisms in achieving ambidexterity.This study uses the fsQCA method and takes 236 high-tech enterprises as subjects to explore the configuration path of linking multi-dimensional big data analysis capabilities and internal dynamic capabilities to achieve dual innovation.The research found that:(1)the innovation ambidexterity results from complex interaction of three knowledge-based dynamic capabilities(big data infrastructure flexibility capabilities,big data management capabilities and big data personal expertise capabilities),high-order dynamic capabilities(dynamic decision-making capabilities)and knowledge integration mechanism(cross-functional integration).There is no one factor in this paper is the necessary condition for facilitating innovation ambidexterity,but the big data personal expertise capabilities are the most important sufficient condition for pursuing innovation ambidexterity.(2)Two distinct driving pathways have been identified:the"Foundational-Decision Type"and the"Management-Optimization Type,"which correspond to the temporal ambidexterity model,and the"Analytical-Synergistic Type,"which aligns with the structural ambidexterity model.(3)In the context of enhanced knowledge synergy,the big data management and big data personnel expertise capabilities are found to be essential components in achieving innovation ambidexterity.The analysis reveals an intriguing dynamic wherein the big data infrastructure flexibility capabilities and big data management capabilities exhibit a substitutive relationship regarding their driving and inhibitory effects on innovation ambidexterity.This suggests that under certain conditions,either the robustness of big data infrastructure or the proficiency in its management can compensate for deficiencies in the other,impacting the balance between exploration and exploitation in innovative pursuits.This study helps to clarify how to integrate and utilize different types of digital capabilities in the context of digitalization to help high-tech enterprises balance exploratory innovation and exploitative innovation.