基于水土资源演变的三峡移民影响区生态碳储量变化特征研究:以重庆市开州区为例

Characterization of ecological carbon stock changes in the Three Gorges migration impact area based on the evolution of soil and water resources:A case study of Kaizhou District,Chongqing Municipality

【目的】实现“双碳”目标、践行“两山”理论是新时代生态低碳发展的根本原则。而人类活动强扰动区域水土资源的演变对生态系统碳排放与碳储存的影响尚不明晰。【方法】以三峡库区城镇群的重要组成部分渝东北开州区为研究区,运用回归趋势法分析重庆市开州区植被覆盖的稳定性特征,基于InVest模型固碳模块分析开州区碳储量的变化,分析研究区植被覆盖的演化趋势、碳储量的变化以及社会经济效益随上述情况的变化趋势。【结果】结果表明:2000—2020年,研究区内主要土地利用类型为耕地和林地,达到开州区面积的75%以上。陆地生态系统碳储量空间分布具有很强的空间异质性,整体为东高西低、北高南低的趋势。20 a间,研究区内碳储量增加量主要来源于草地向林地的转变共68.11 Gg、草地向耕地的转变共49.21 Gg,而非建设用地向建设用地转换、非水域转为水域造成碳减少共269.78 Gg。【结论】水土资源的演变较大程度影响了碳储量的变化,且水土资源的利用效率与经济发展呈明显正相关,社会经济发展、水土资源演变和碳库变化三者之间存在着相互影响和相互作用。

[Objective]Realizing the dual-carbon goal and practicing the two mountains theory are the fundamental principles of ecological low-carbon development in the new era.The influence of the evolution of soil and water resources on ecosystem carbon emission and carbon storage in areas strongly disturbed by human activities is not clear.[Methods]Taking Kaizhou District in northeastern Chongqing,which is an important part of the Three Gorges Reservoir District town cluster,as the study area,the regression trend method was used to analyze the stability characteristics of the vegetation cover in Kaizhou District,and the Carbon Sequestration Module of InVEST model was used to analyse the change of the carbon stock in Kaizhou District,so as to analyze the trends of the evolution of the vegetation cover in the study area,the changes in the carbon stock,and the trends of the socioeconomic benefits in the study area in the wake of the above mentioned situation.[Results]The result show that from 2000 to 2020,the main land use types in the study area were cropland and forest land,both of which accounted for more than 75%of the total area.The spatial distribution of carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems in the study area is highly heterogeneous,showing a trend of high in the east,low in the west,high in the north and low in the south,and the increase of carbon stocks in the study area during the 20-year period is mainly due to the conversion of grassland to woodland,which amounted to 68.11 Gg,and grassland to cropland,which amounted to 49.21 Gg,while the conversion of non-constructed land to constructed land,and the conversion of non-watersheds to watersheds caused the reduction of carbon stocks by a total of 269.78 Gg.[Conclusion]The evolution of soil and water resources greatly influenced the change of carbon storage,and the utilization efficiency of soil and water resources is obviously positively correlated with economic development,and there are mutual influences and interactions among socio-economic development,the evolution of soil and water resources and the change of carbon stock.