2010—2021年甘肃省山羊传染性胸膜肺炎流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological Investigation and Analysis of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2021

为了解甘肃省山羊传染性胸膜肺炎(CCPP)的流行情况,本试验采用流行病学调查方法对全省2010—2021年羊群CCPP的发病情况进行了调查,并从地区、物种、季节、性别、年龄、养殖规模、疫点类型和是否采取治疗措施方面对数据进行了统计分析。调查结果显示,2010—2021年全省CCPP平均发病率为8.15%(11 077/135 860),病死率为29.49%(3 267/11 077),CCPP发病率与物种、季节、年龄和是否采取治疗措施有关。山羊CCPP发病率(9.79%,9 038/92 306)极显著高于绵羊(4.68%,2 039/43 554)(P<0.01);冬季发病率(10.62%,8 129/76 548)极显著高于夏季(4.43%,1 979/44 715)(P<0.01);幼龄羊发病率(5.58%,1 899/34 060)极显著低于成年羊(9.02%,9 178/101 800)(P<0.01);有既往发病史的老疫点CCPP发病率和病死率均低于首次发病的新疫点,且治愈率更高;采取治疗措施羊只的CCPP发病率和病死率均低于未采取治疗措施羊只;不同性别和养殖规模的CCPP发病率均无显著差异(P>0.05),CCPP的发病也无明显地域性。结果表明,CCPP在甘肃省普遍流行,山羊比绵羊更易感,在年龄较大、寒冷季节和缺乏治疗的情况下发病率增加。因此,养殖场户应当针对风险因素制定预防策略,并通过采取定期调查监测、预防接种和治疗等措施,降低CCPP在甘肃省的发病率。

To understand the prevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia(CCPP) in Gansu Province,an epidemiological investigation was conducted on the incidence of CCPP in sheep across the province from 2010 to 2021.The data were statistically analyzed from the perspectives of region,species,season,gender,age,farming scale,type of epidemic site,and whether treatment measures were taken.The results showed that the average incidence rate of CCPP in the province from 2010 to 2021 was 8.15%(11 077/135 860),with a mortality rate of 29.49%(3 267/11 077).The incidence of CCPP was found to be related to species,season,age,and whether treatment measures were taken.The incidence rate of CCPP in goats(9.79%,9 038/92 306) was significantly higher than that in sheep(4.68%,2 039/43 554)(P<0.01).The incidence rate in winter(10.62%,8 129/76 548) was significantly higher than in summer(4.43%,1 979/44 715)(P<0.01).The incidence rate in young sheep(5.58%,1 899/34 060) was significantly lower than in adult sheep(9.02%,9 178/101 800)(P<0.01).The incidence and mortality rates of CCPP were lower,and the cure rate was higher in old epidemic sites with a history of previous incidents compared to new epidemic sites experiencing CCPP for the first time.The incidence and mortality rates of CCPP in animals that received treatment measures were lower than those that did not.There was no significant difference in CCPP incidence rates between different genders or farming scales(P>0.05),nor was there a clear regional pattern of the disease.The results indicate that CCPP is widespread in Gansu Province,with goats being more susceptible than sheep.The incidence rate increases in older animals,during cold seasons,and in the absence of treatment.Therefore,farms should develop preventive strategies targeting these risk factors and reduce the incidence of CCPP in Gansu Province by implementing regular monitoring,vaccination,and treatment measures.