广西贵港市主要大气污染物特征及与气象因子的关系研究

Characteristics of Major Air Pollutants and Their Relationship with Meteorological Factors in Guigang City,Guangxi

利用贵港市2018年-2022年大气污染物日浓度、空气质量指数(AQI)数据和同期逐日气象资料,采用时间序列分析方法和统计学方法分析贵港市主要污染物的时间变化特征及其与气象条件的关系。结果表明:2018年-2022年贵港市污染天数先减后增,1月、9月、10月累计污染天数最多,主要污染物为细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))和臭氧(O_(3));研究时段内下半年逐日O_(3)浓度和全年逐日PM_(2.5)浓度呈显著的二次抛物线变化趋势,O_(3)浓度在9月越高,1月、2月最低,PM_(2.5)浓度在1、12月最高,6-8月最低;O_(3)与温度因子、日照时数正相关,与相对湿度、降水量负相关,PM_(2.5)主要与气象因子呈负相关。

Using the daily concentration data of atmospheric pollutants and Air Quality Index(AQI)from 2018 to 2022 in Guigang City,along with corresponding daily meteorological data,time series analysis and statistical methods were employed to analyze the temporal characteristics of major pollutants in Guigang City and their relationship with meteorological conditions.The results indicate the following:The number of polluted days in Guigang City decreased initially and then increased from 2018 to 2022,with the highest cumulative number of polluted days occurring in January,September,and October.The main pollutants were fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and ozone(O_(3)).The daily concentrations of O_(3)exhibited a significant quadratic trend during the second half of the year,while the daily concentrations of PM_(2.5)showed a quadratic trend throughout the year.O_(3)concentrations were highest in September and lowest in January and February,while PM_(2.5)concentrations were highest in January and December,and lowest from June to August.O_(3)showed a positive correlation with temperature and sunshine hours,and a negative correlation with relative humidity and precipitation.PM_(2.5)was mainly negatively correlated with meteorological factors.