C-14环境迁移模拟及其有效性研究进展

Research Progress in Simulating Carbon-14 Environmental Migration and Effectiveness of Models

碳是生物圈和岩石圈中的一个关键元素,可以在陆地、水生和大气之间移动。C-14作为一种放射性同位素,也是受生物调节的基本元素。C-14可以自由地进入许多化合物,包括植物、动物和人类,这意味着C-14的环境迁移的复杂性。针对这种复杂的环境迁移过程,对核设施排放的C-14在生物圈内的各种迁移行为进行了描述和总结,包括大气、土壤、地下水等环境中C-14向植物和动物迁移的过程,并且收集了不同国家和机构在C-14环境迁移模拟工作上的经验。通过对C-14产生的机制、迁移途径、生态积累规律等研究,为进行C-14环境迁移模拟及有效性验证奠定基础。

Carbon is a key element in the biosphere and lithosphere that can move between terrestrial,aquatic,and atmospheric compartments.C-14,as a radioisotope,is also a biologically regulated essential element.The free access of C-14 to many compounds,including plants,animals,and human beings,implies the complexity of the environmental transport of C-14.In response to this complex environmental transport process,this review describes and summarizes the various transport behaviors of C-14 emitted from nuclear facilities in the biosphere,including the transport of C-14 to plants and animals in the atmosphere,soil,groundwater,and other environments,and collects the experiences of different countries and institutions in the modeling of C-14 environmental transport.Through the research on the mechanism of C-14 production,migration pathway and ecological accumulation law,the research provides reference for the simulation of C-14 environmental migration and validation of its effectiveness.