福建武夷山国家公园蝴蝶区系调查和分析

Fauna Investigation and Analysis of Butterflies in Wuyishan National Park in Fujian Province

本研究对福建武夷山国家公园蝴蝶区系开展调查和分析,以期为蝴蝶物种多样性保护、开发和利用提供科学依据。2018年10月至2022年7月,在武夷山国家公园共采集到蝴蝶成虫标本565头,经形态鉴定归属到5科71属129种。其中,武夷山国家公园新纪录属3个,分别为污斑眼蝶属(Cyllogenes)、裙蛱蝶属(Cynitia)和林灰蝶属(Hayashikeia),新纪录种17个;福建省新纪录属1个,为林灰蝶属(Hayashikeia),新纪录种7个。由此,武夷山国家公园蝴蝶已知种增加到5科187属412种,福建省蝴蝶已知种增加到5科232属615种。在采集到的蝴蝶中,5种蝴蝶被列入《国家保护的有益的或者有重要经济、科学研究价值的陆生野生动物名录》,分别为金裳凤蝶(Troides aeacus)、大伞弄蝶(Burara miracula)、箭环蝶(Stichophthalma howqua)、双星箭环蝶(Stichophthalma neumogeni)和华西箭环蝶(Stichophthalma suffusa)。科级水平多样性指数分析表明蛱蝶科物种多样性占优势地位。生境越复杂,蝴蝶多样性就越高,常绿阔叶林生境蝴蝶多样性高于其他生境,800~900 m海拔处蝴蝶多样性高于其他海拔。区系分析发现,在世界动物地理区系中,武夷山国家公园蝴蝶种类以东洋区和古北区共有种为主,占51.70%;武夷山国家公园的蝴蝶在中国动物地理区系中有47种分布型,其中归属于西南区-华中区-华南区分布型的最多,占26.46%,其后依次是西南区-华中区-华南区-青藏区分布型和西南区-华中区-华南区-华北区分布型,分别占10.19%和9.95%。

This study investigated and analyzed the fauna of butterflies in Wuyishan National Park in Fujian Province,and aims to provide a scientific basis for the protection,exploitation and utilization of butterfly species diversity.A total of 565 adult butterfly specimens were collected in Wuyishan National Park from October 2018 to July 2022,and they were morphologically identified to 5 families,71 genera,and 129 species.Among them,3 genera(Cyllogenes,Cynitia and Hayashikeia)and 17 species were newly recorded from Wuyishan National Park,and 1 genus(Hayashikeia)and 7 species were newly record from Fujian Province.These new records make the known butterfly species increased to 5 families,187 genera and 412 species for Wuyishan National Park,and 5 families,232 genera and 615 species for Fujian Province.Among these butterflies collected,5 species are in the“Species List of Terrestrial Wild Animals of Benefit or of Important Economic and Scientific Research Value under State Protection”,and they are Troides aeacus,Burara miracula,Stichophthalma howqua,Stichophthalma neumogeni and Stichophthalma suffusa.Diversity index analysis at the family level shows that the species diversity of Nymphalidae is dominant.The more complex the habitat,the higher the butterfly diversity.The diversity in the habitat of evergreen broad-leaved forest is higher than that of the other habitats,and the butterfly diversity in the 800-900 m of altitude is higher than that of the other altitudes.Faunal analysis shows that the common species of Oriental and Palaearctic regions for the butterfly in Wuyishan National Park accounts for the majority(51.70%)in zoogeographic division of the world.For butterfly in Wuyishan National Park there are 47 distribution types in the zoogeographical division of China,among which the largest proportion(26.46%)belongs to Southwest-Central-South China distribution type,followed by the type of Southwest-Central-South-Qinghai-Tibet(10.19%)and the type of Southwest-Central-South-North China(9.95%).