风电机组叶片覆冰预测和防覆冰技术综述

Review of prediction and prevention techniques for wind turbine blade icing

风电机组运行在低温、潮湿环境下,叶片极易发生覆冰现象,严重影响机组的安全性、可靠性和发电效益。本文基于航空器防覆冰相关技术的研究,从叶片覆冰检测和监测技术出发,阐述了防覆冰涂层和低粘接力涂层等被动除冰技术以及液流融冰、机械除冰、电热除冰和气热除冰等主动除冰技术。通过对不同除冰技术的分析对比得出结论,电热除冰和气热除冰将成为主要的研究和应用方向。建议在投资新项目建设时,将覆冰折减率纳入投资收益率的影响因素,并采购出厂配置除冰系统的考虑覆冰折减的风电场建设机组。

Wind turbines are prone to blade icing while in low temperature and humid environments,which seriously affects the safety and reliability of wind turbines seriously,and also affects power generation efficiency.This thesis is based on aircraft anti-icing coatings and low adhesion coatings technologies,elaborated from the detection and monitoring technology of blade icing,then focused on active deicing technologies such as liquid flow deicing,mechanical deicing,electric heating deicing and air-heating deicing.Through analyzed and compared different deicing technologies,it is concluded that electric heating deicing and air-heating deicing will be the main direction of research and application.Finally,it is recommended to considering the blade icing reduction ratio as affecting investment factor when in a new projects,and considering installing deicing systems when purchase wind turbines for the new project which blade icing reduction.