超导量子计算门操作及其保真度测定的基本理论

THE BASIC THEORY OF SUPERCONDUCTING QUANTUM COMPUTING GATE OPERATION AND ITS FIDELITY MEASUREMENT

对于已有的超导量子比特器件,在进行系统标定之后构建相应的高保真度门操作是实现量子计算的关键步骤。作为“物理前沿介绍——超导量子计算”系列的第五篇,本文系统讨论通过微波脉冲构建超导量子比特门操作的物理图景以及基本方法,给出了一套单比特门操作的构建流程,并对门操作保真度的测定以及优化发展作延伸讨论。本文旨在帮助广大高校物理专业教师、高年级本科生、研究生以及对超导量子计算感兴趣的理工科背景读者系统了解超导量子比特门构建与门操作保真度测量与优化的整个基本过程。

For the existing superconducting qubit devices,constructing the corresponding high-fidelity gate operation after system calibration is a key step to realize quantum computing.As the fifth chapter of the series of“Introduction to physics frontier—superconducting quantum computing”,this paper systematically discusses the physical picture and basic method of constructing superconducting qubit gate operation through microwave pulse,gives a set of construction process of single bit gate operation,and extends the measurement and optimization development of gate operation fidelity.This paper aims to help the physics teachers,senior undergraduates,graduate students,and science and engineering backgrounds interested in superconducting quantum computing readers to systematically understand the whole basic process of superconducting qubit gate construction and gate operation fidelity measurement and optimization.