同制式城市轨道交通线路贯通运营列车开行方案优化研究

Optimization Study of Train Running Scheme for Through-operation of Urban Rail Transit Lines of the Same System

为顺应线网融合大趋势,从兼顾乘客需求和企业效益的角度,构建局部线网贯通运营条件下列车开行方案多目标非线性整合优化模型,模型以列车开行频率和小交路列车折返位置为决策变量,以“乘客等待时间、列车走行公里和运用车组数的最佳组合”为优化目标。对某市地铁A、B线构成的局部网络进行分析,探究符合既有线贯通运营特征的最优列车开行方案,验证贯通运营的可行性。研究表明①贯通运营能显著提高乘客出现便利性和企业运管效率,综合成本和乘客出行成本可分别降低44%和65.3%;贯通运营后,与“站站停”常规交路开行方案相比大小交路可明显降低综合成本,最高可降低16.5%,同等服务水平下,乘客和企业成本最高可分别降低23.6%和14.6%,大小交路开行方案经济和服务适用性更好。②匹配乘客出行特征越精准的列车开行方案总成本越低,可在满足乘客需求的同时避免运力浪费。③为兼顾乘客及企业利益,保障基本服务水平,应设置合理的运行间隔和小交路运行区段。④开行大小交路可保障大客流区段服务水平,同时节省列车运用成本,但单一大交路运行区段运输能力下降明显;同等间隔的单一交路运行模式乘客平均等待时间更小,但低客流断面区段运力浪费较大。⑤推进既有线跨线贯通运营可降低乘客出行和企业运营成本,较独立运营更具优势。

In order to comply with the trend of line-network integration,a multi-objective nonlinear integration optimization model of train operation scheme under the condition of local line-network through operation is constructed from the perspective of taking into account the passengers demand and the enterprise s benefit,with the frequency of train operation and the return position of the trains of small intersections as the decision-making variables,and with the optimization objective of“optimal combination of passengers waiting time,train kilometers,and number of trains”as the optimization objective.The optimal combination of passenger waiting time,train kilometers and number of trains is taken as the optimization objective.We analyze the local network composed of subway lines A and B in a certain city,and explore the optimal train running scheme that meets the characteristics of through operation of existing lines,so as to verify the feasibility of through operation.The study surface:(1)through operation can significantly improve the convenience of passengers and enterprise transportation management efficiency,the comprehensive cost and passenger travel cost can be reduced by 44%and 65.3%respectively;after the through operation,compared with the“station stop”conventional traffic program,the size of the intersection can significantly reduce the comprehensive cost,up to a maximum of 16.5%,the cost of passengers and enterprises under the same level of service can be reduced by 16.5%.Under the same level of service,the cost of passengers and enterprises can be reduced by up to 23.6%and 14.6%respectively,and the economy and service applicability of the large and small interchanges are better.(2)The more accurate the train operation scheme that matches the travel characteristics of the passengers,the lower the total cost is,and the waste of capacity can be avoided while meeting the needs of the passengers.(3)In order to take into account the interests of the passengers and the enterprises and to guarantee the basic level of service,a reasonable interval and small interchanges operation section should be set.(4)The operation of large and small interchanges can guarantee the service level of large passenger flow sections and save train operation costs,but the transportation capacity of single large interchanges decreases significantly;the average waiting time of passengers in single interchanges with the same intervals is smaller,but the capacity waste is larger in low-flow sections.(5)The promotion of cross-line operation of existing lines can reduce the travel costs of passengers and enterprises,and it is more advantageous than the independent operation.